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697 lines
24 KiB
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697 lines
24 KiB
Text
<!DOCTYPE book [
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<!ENTITY mdash "—">]>
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<!--
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- Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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-
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- This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
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- License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
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- file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
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-
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- See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
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- information regarding copyright ownership.
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-->
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<!-- Converted by db4-upgrade version 1.0 -->
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<refentry xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:id="man.mdig">
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<info>
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<date>2015-01-05</date>
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</info>
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<refentryinfo>
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<corpname>ISC</corpname>
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<corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.</corpauthor>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle><application>mdig</application></refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname><application>mdig</application></refname>
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<refpurpose>DNS pipelined lookup utility</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<docinfo>
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<copyright>
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<year>2015</year>
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<year>2016</year>
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<year>2017</year>
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<year>2018</year>
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<holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
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</copyright>
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</docinfo>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis sepchar=" ">
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<command>mdig</command>
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<arg choice="req" rep="norepeat">@server</arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-f <replaceable class="parameter">filename</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-h</option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-v</option></arg>
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<group choice="opt" rep="norepeat">
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-4</option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-6</option></arg>
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</group>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-m</option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-b <replaceable class="parameter">address</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port#</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-i</option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-x <replaceable class="parameter">addr</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">plusopt</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<cmdsynopsis sepchar=" ">
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<command>mdig</command>
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<arg choice="req" rep="norepeat">-h</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<cmdsynopsis sepchar=" ">
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<command>mdig</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat">@server</arg>
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<arg choice="req" rep="repeat">global-opt</arg>
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<arg choice="req" rep="repeat">
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<arg choice="req" rep="repeat">local-opt</arg>
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<arg choice="req" rep="norepeat">query</arg>
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</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsection><info><title>DESCRIPTION</title></info>
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<para><command>mdig</command>
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is a multiple/pipelined query version of <command>dig</command>:
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instead of waiting for a response after sending each query,
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it begins by sending all queries. Responses are displayed in
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the order in which they are received, not in the order the
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corresponding queries were sent.
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</para>
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<para>
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<command>mdig</command> options are a subset of the
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<command>dig</command> options, and are divided into "anywhere
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options" which can occur anywhere, "global options" which must
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occur before the query name (or they are ignored with a warning),
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and "local options" which apply to the next query on the command
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line.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <arg choice="req" rep="norepeat">@server</arg> option is a mandatory global
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option. It is the name or IP address of the name server to query.
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(Unlike <command>dig</command>, this value is not retrieved from
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<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.) It can be an IPv4 address
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in dotted-decimal notation, an IPv6 address in colon-delimited
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notation, or a hostname. When the supplied
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<parameter>server</parameter> argument is a hostname,
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<command>mdig</command> resolves that name before querying
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the name server.
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</para>
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<para><command>mdig</command>
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provides a number of query options which affect
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the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
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these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
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sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
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and retry strategies.
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</para>
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<para>
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Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus
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sign (<literal>+</literal>). Some keywords set or reset an
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option. These may be preceded by the string <literal>no</literal>
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to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords assign
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values to options like the timeout interval. They have the
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form <option>+keyword=value</option>.
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</para>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><info><title>ANYWHERE OPTIONS</title></info>
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<para>
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The <option>-f</option> option makes <command>mdig</command>
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operate in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to
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process from the file <parameter>filename</parameter>. The file
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contains a number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the
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file should be organized in the same way they would be presented
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as queries to <command>mdig</command> using the command-line interface.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-h</option> causes <command>mdig</command> to
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print the detailed help with the full list of options and exit.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-v</option> causes <command>mdig</command> to
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print the version number and exit.
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</para>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><info><title>GLOBAL OPTIONS</title></info>
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<para>
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The <option>-4</option> option forces <command>mdig</command> to
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only use IPv4 query transport.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-6</option> option forces <command>mdig</command> to
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only use IPv6 query transport.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-b</option> option sets the source IP address of the
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query to <parameter>address</parameter>. This must be a valid
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address on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or
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"::". An optional port may be specified by appending
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"#<port>"
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-m</option> option enables memory usage debugging.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-p</option> option is used when a non-standard port
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number is to be queried.
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<parameter>port#</parameter> is the port number
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that <command>mdig</command> will send its queries instead of
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the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used to
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test a name server that has been configured to listen for
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queries on a non-standard port number.
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</para>
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<para>
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The global query options are:
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]additional</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Display [do not display] the additional section of a
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reply. The default is to display it.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]all</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Set or clear all display flags.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]answer</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Display [do not display] the answer section of a
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reply. The default is to display it.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]authority</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Display [do not display] the authority section of a
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reply. The default is to display it.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]besteffort</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
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malformed. The default is to not display malformed
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answers.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]cl</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
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record.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]comments</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
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The default is to print comments.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]continue</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Continue on errors (e.g. timeouts).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]crypto</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC
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records. The contents of these field are unnecessary
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to debug most DNSSEC validation failures and removing
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them makes it easier to see the common failures. The
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default is to display the fields. When omitted they
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are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the
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DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
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e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+dscp[=value]</option></term> <listitem>
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<para>
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Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the
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query. Valid DSCP code points are in the range
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[0..63]. By default no code point is explicitly set.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]multiline</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
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multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
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default is to print each record on a single line, to
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facilitate machine parsing of the <command>mdig</command>
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output.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]question</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Print [do not print] the question section of a query
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when an answer is returned. The default is to print
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the question section as a comment.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]rrcomments</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
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output (for example, human-readable key information
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about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
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record comments unless multiline mode is active.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]short</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
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answer in a verbose form.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+split=W</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
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records into chunks of <parameter>W</parameter>
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characters (where <parameter>W</parameter> is rounded
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up to the nearest multiple of 4).
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<parameter>+nosplit</parameter> or
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<parameter>+split=0</parameter> causes fields not to
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be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
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44 characters when multiline mode is active.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]tcp</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
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default behavior is to use UDP.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]ttlid</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
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record.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]ttlunits</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable
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time units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing
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seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]vc</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
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alternate syntax to <parameter>+[no]tcp</parameter>
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is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
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stands for "virtual circuit".
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</para>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><info><title>LOCAL OPTIONS</title></info>
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<para>
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The <option>-c</option> option sets the query class to
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<parameter>class</parameter>. It can be any valid query class
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which is supported in BIND 9. The default query class is "IN".
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-t</option> option sets the query type to
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<parameter>type</parameter>. It can be any valid query type
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which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A",
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unless the <option>-x</option> option is supplied to indicate
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a reverse lookup with the "PTR" query type.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <option>-i</option> option sets the reverse domain for
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IPv6 addresses to IP6.INT.
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</para>
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<para>
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Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are
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simplified by the <option>-x</option> option.
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<parameter>addr</parameter> is an IPv4
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address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
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<command>mdig</command> automatically performs a lookup for a
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query name like <literal>11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</literal> and
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sets the query type and class to PTR and IN respectively.
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By default, IPv6 addresses are looked up using nibble format
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under the IP6.ARPA domain. To use the older RFC1886 method
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using the IP6.INT domain specify the <option>-i</option> option.
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</para>
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<para>
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The local query options are:
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]aaflag</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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A synonym for <parameter>+[no]aaonly</parameter>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]aaonly</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]adflag</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
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query. This requests the server to return whether
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all of the answer and authority sections have all
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been validated as secure according to the security
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policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
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|
have been validated as secure and the answer is not
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|
from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
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of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
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bit is set by default.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+bufsize=B</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
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to <parameter>B</parameter> bytes. The maximum and
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minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
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Values outside this range are rounded up or down
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appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
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EDNS query to be sent.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]cdflag</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
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the query. This requests the server to not perform
|
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DNSSEC validation of responses.
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|
</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]cookie<optional>=####</optional></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional value.
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Replaying a COOKIE from a previous response will allow
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the server to identify a previous client. The default
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is <option>+nocookie</option>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>+[no]dnssec</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
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OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
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of the query.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]edns[=#]</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
|
|
are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
|
|
a EDNS query to be sent. <option>+noedns</option>
|
|
clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
|
|
0 by default.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]ednsflags[=#]</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the
|
|
specified value. Decimal, hex and octal encodings are
|
|
accepted. Setting a named flag (e.g. DO) will silently be
|
|
ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Specify EDNS option with code point <option>code</option>
|
|
and optionally payload of <option>value</option> as a
|
|
hexadecimal string. <option>+noednsopt</option>
|
|
clears the EDNS options to be sent.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]expire</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Send an EDNS Expire option.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]nsid</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
|
|
a query.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]recurse</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
|
|
in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
|
|
<command>mdig</command> normally sends recursive
|
|
queries.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+retry=T</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
|
|
server to <parameter>T</parameter> instead of the
|
|
default, 2. Unlike <parameter>+tries</parameter>,
|
|
this does not include the initial query.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with the
|
|
specified IP address or network prefix.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<command>mdig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0</command>, or simply
|
|
<command>mdig +subnet=0</command> for short, sends an EDNS
|
|
client-subnet option with an empty address and a source
|
|
prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that
|
|
the client's address information must
|
|
<emphasis>not</emphasis> be used when resolving
|
|
this query.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+timeout=T</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sets the timeout for a query to
|
|
<parameter>T</parameter> seconds. The default
|
|
timeout is 5 seconds for UDP transport and 10 for TCP.
|
|
An attempt to set <parameter>T</parameter> to less
|
|
than 1 will result
|
|
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+tries=T</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
|
|
to <parameter>T</parameter> instead of the default,
|
|
3. If <parameter>T</parameter> is less than or equal
|
|
to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
|
|
to 1.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+udptimeout=T</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sets the timeout between UDP query retries.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]unknownformat</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format
|
|
(RFC 3597). The default is to print RDATA for known types
|
|
in the type's presentation format.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>+[no]zflag</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a
|
|
DNS query. This flag is off by default.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
<refsection><info><title>SEE ALSO</title></info>
|
|
|
|
<para><citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>dig</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citetitle>RFC1035</citetitle>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
</refentry>
|