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Changes include modifications in kernel crash dump routines, dumpon(8) and savecore(8). A new tool called decryptcore(8) was added. A new DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control was added to send a kernel crash dump configuration in the diocskerneldump_arg structure to the kernel. The old DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control was renamed to DIOCSKERNELDUMP_FREEBSD11 for backward ABI compatibility. dumpon(8) generates an one-time random symmetric key and encrypts it using an RSA public key in capability mode. Currently only AES-256-CBC is supported but EKCD was designed to implement support for other algorithms in the future. The public key is chosen using the -k flag. The dumpon rc(8) script can do this automatically during startup using the dumppubkey rc.conf(5) variable. Once the keys are calculated dumpon sends them to the kernel via DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control. When the kernel receives the DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control it generates a random IV and sets up the key schedule for the specified algorithm. Each time the kernel tries to write a crash dump to the dump device, the IV is replaced by a SHA-256 hash of the previous value. This is intended to make a possible differential cryptanalysis harder since it is possible to write multiple crash dumps without reboot by repeating the following commands: # sysctl debug.kdb.enter=1 db> call doadump(0) db> continue # savecore A kernel dump key consists of an algorithm identifier, an IV and an encrypted symmetric key. The kernel dump key size is included in a kernel dump header. The size is an unsigned 32-bit integer and it is aligned to a block size. The header structure has 512 bytes to match the block size so it was required to make a panic string 4 bytes shorter to add a new field to the header structure. If the kernel dump key size in the header is nonzero it is assumed that the kernel dump key is placed after the first header on the dump device and the core dump is encrypted. Separate functions were implemented to write the kernel dump header and the kernel dump key as they need to be unencrypted. The dump_write function encrypts data if the kernel was compiled with the EKCD option. Encrypted kernel textdumps are not supported due to the way they are constructed which makes it impossible to use the CBC mode for encryption. It should be also noted that textdumps don't contain sensitive data by design as a user decides what information should be dumped. savecore(8) writes the kernel dump key to a key.# file if its size in the header is nonzero. # is the number of the current core dump. decryptcore(8) decrypts the core dump using a private RSA key and the kernel dump key. This is performed by a child process in capability mode. If the decryption was not successful the parent process removes a partially decrypted core dump. Description on how to encrypt crash dumps was added to the decryptcore(8), dumpon(8), rc.conf(5) and savecore(8) manual pages. EKCD was tested on amd64 using bhyve and i386, mipsel and sparc64 using QEMU. The feature still has to be tested on arm and arm64 as it wasn't possible to run FreeBSD due to the problems with QEMU emulation and lack of hardware. Designed by: def, pjd Reviewed by: cem, oshogbo, pjd Partial review: delphij, emaste, jhb, kib Approved by: pjd (mentor) Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D4712 |
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