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intro articles
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---
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description: |
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Packer strives to be stable and bug-free, but issues inevitably arise where
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certain things may not work entirely correctly, or may not appear to work
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correctly.
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page_title: Debugging - Other
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Learn how to debug issues with Packer builds and plugins using `packer build`, logs, and other troubleshooting tools.
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page_title: Debugging Packer
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---
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# Debugging Packer Builds
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---
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page_title: Introduction
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description: |-
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Welcome to the world of Packer! This introduction guide will show you what
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Packer is, explain why it exists, the benefits it has to offer, and how you
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can get started with it. If you're already familiar with Packer, the
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documentation provides more of a reference for all available features.
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page_title: Introduction to Packer
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description: Packer is a community tool for creating identical machine images for multiple platforms from a single source configuration. Learn about Packer benefits and how to get started.
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---
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# Introduction to Packer
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Welcome to the world of Packer! This introduction guide will show you what
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Packer is, explain why it exists, the benefits it has to offer, and how you can
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get started with it. If you're already familiar with Packer, the
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[documentation](/packer/docs) provides more of a reference for all available
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features.
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This introduction describes Packer benefits and how you can get started with it.
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## What is Packer?
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@ -27,5 +19,9 @@ use tools like Chef or Puppet to install software onto the image.
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A _machine image_ is a single static unit that contains a pre-configured
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operating system and installed software which is used to quickly create new
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running machines. Machine image formats change for each platform. Some examples
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include [AMIs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Machine_Image) for EC2,
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VMDK/VMX files for VMware, OVF exports for VirtualBox, etc.
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include AMIs for EC2, VMDK and VMX files for VMware, and OVF exports for VirtualBox.
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## HCP Packer
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For information about using HCP Packer to store metadata about build artifacts, refer to the
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[HCP Packer documentation](/hcp/docs/packer) or [sign into HCP](https://portal.cloud.hashicorp.com/sign-in) to explore HCP Packer features.
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---
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page_title: Use Cases - Introduction
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page_title: Packer use cases
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description: |-
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By now you should know what Packer does and what the benefits of image
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creation are. In this section, we'll enumerate *some* of the use cases for
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Packer. Note that this is not an exhaustive list by any means. There are
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definitely use cases for Packer not listed here. This list is just meant to
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give you an idea of how Packer may improve your processes.
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Learn about use cases for Packer, such as continuous delivery, dev/prod parity, and appliance and demo creation.
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---
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# Use Cases
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# Packer use cases
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By now you should know what Packer does and what the benefits of image creation
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are. In this section, we'll enumerate _some_ of the use cases for Packer. Note
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that this is not an exhaustive list by any means. There are definitely use cases
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for Packer not listed here. This list is just meant to give you an idea of how
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Packer may improve your processes.
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In this topic describes some of the use cases for Packer. This is a partial list of use cases intended to give you an idea of how Packer may improve your processes.
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### Continuous Delivery
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## Continuous delivery
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Packer is lightweight, portable, and command-line driven. This makes it the
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perfect tool to put in the middle of your continuous delivery pipeline. Packer
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@ -28,12 +20,12 @@ tested, verifying the infrastructure changes work. If the tests pass, you can be
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confident that the image will work when deployed. This brings a new level of
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stability and testability to infrastructure changes.
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### Dev/Prod Parity
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## Environment parity
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Packer helps [keep development, staging, and production as similar as
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possible](http://www.12factor.net/dev-prod-parity). Packer can be used to
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generate images for multiple platforms at the same time. So if you use AWS for
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production and VMware (perhaps with [Vagrant](https://www.vagrantup.com/)) for
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Packer helps keep development, staging, and production as similar as
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possible. Refer to the following external article to learn more about parity between environments: ["X. Dev/prod parity"](http://www.12factor.net/dev-prod-parity).
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You can use Packer to generate images for multiple platforms at the same time. So if you use AWS for production and VMware, perhaps with [Vagrant](https://www.vagrantup.com/), for
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development, you can generate both an AMI and a VMware machine using Packer at
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the same time from the same template.
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@ -41,9 +33,9 @@ Mix this in with the continuous delivery use case above, and you have a pretty
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slick system for consistent work environments from development all the way
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through to production.
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### Appliance/Demo Creation
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## Appliance and demo creation
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Since Packer creates consistent images for multiple platforms in parallel, it is
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Because Packer creates consistent images for multiple platforms in parallel, it is
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perfect for creating
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[appliances](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_appliance) and disposable
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product demos. As your software changes, you can automatically create appliances
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---
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page_title: Why Packer - Introduction
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page_title: Why use Packer
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description: |-
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Pre-baked machine images have a lot of advantages, but most have been unable
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to benefit from them because images have been too tedious to create and
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manage. There were either no existing tools to automate the creation of
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machine images or they had too high of a learning curve. The result is that,
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prior to Packer, creating machine images threatened the agility of operations
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teams, and therefore aren't used, despite the massive benefits.
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Learn about the advantages of using Packer to automate the creation of machine images and artifacts.
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---
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# Why Use Packer?
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# Why use Packer
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Pre-baked machine images have a lot of advantages, but most have been unable to
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This topic describes why you should use Packer to automate the creation of machine images over traditional _pre-baked_ images, which are pre-configured digital images that include the necessary software, settings, and data.
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## Pre-baked images
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Pre-baked machine images have a lot of advantages, but most people have been unable to
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benefit from them because images have been too tedious to create and manage.
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There were either no existing tools to automate the creation of machine images
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There are either no existing tools to automate the creation of machine images
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or they had too high of a learning curve. The result is that, prior to Packer,
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creating machine images threatened the agility of operations teams, and
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therefore aren't used, despite the massive benefits.
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@ -23,10 +22,7 @@ any type of machine image. It embraces modern configuration management by
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encouraging you to use a framework such as Chef or Puppet to install and
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configure the software within your Packer-made images.
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In other words: Packer brings pre-baked images into the modern age, unlocking
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untapped potential and opening new opportunities.
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## Advantages of Using Packer
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## Advantages of using Packer
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**_Super fast infrastructure deployment_**. Packer images allow you to launch
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completely provisioned and configured machines in seconds, rather than several
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**_Greater testability_**. After a machine image is built, that machine image
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can be quickly launched and smoke tested to verify that things appear to be
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working. If they are, you can be confident that any other machines launched from
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that image will function properly.
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Packer makes it extremely easy to take advantage of all these benefits.
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What are you waiting for? Let's get started!
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that image will function properly.
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