The simplest way to handle this is just to copy-and-paste the relevant
code block in fork_process.c, so that's what I did. (It's possible that
something more complicated would be useful to packagers who want to work
with either the old or the new API; but at this point the number of such
people is rapidly approaching zero, so let's just get the minimal thing
done.) Update relevant documentation as well.
Remove a couple of items that were actually back-patched bug fixes.
Add additional details to a couple of items which lacked a description.
Improve attributions for a couple of items I was involved with.
A few other miscellaneous corrections.
getopt_long() allows abbreviating long options, so we might as well
give the option the full name, and users can abbreviate it how they
like.
Do some general polishing of the --help output at the same time.
To replace it, add -X/--xlog-method that allows the specification
of fetch or stream.
Do this to avoid unnecessary backwards-incompatiblity. Spotted and
suggested by Peter Eisentraut.
Since the replication protocol deals with TimestampTz, we need to
care for the floating point case as well in the frontend tools.
Fujii Masao, with changes from Magnus Hagander
The initial implementation of pg_dump's --section option supposed that the
existing --schema-only and --data-only options could be made equivalent to
--section settings. This is wrong, though, due to dubious but long since
set-in-stone decisions about where to dump SEQUENCE SET items, as seen in
bug report from Martin Pitt. (And I'm not totally convinced there weren't
other bugs, either.) Undo that coupling and instead drive --section
filtering off current-section state tracked as we scan through the TOC
list to call _tocEntryRequired().
To make sure those decisions don't shift around and hopefully save a few
cycles, run _tocEntryRequired() only once per TOC entry and save the result
in a new TOC field. This required minor rejiggering of ACL handling but
also allows a far cleaner implementation of inhibit_data_for_failed_table.
Also, to ensure that pg_dump and pg_restore have the same behavior with
respect to the --section switches, add _tocEntryRequired() filtering to
WriteToc() and WriteDataChunks(), rather than trying to implement section
filtering in an entirely orthogonal way in dumpDumpableObject(). This
required adjusting the handling of the special ENCODING and STDSTRINGS
items, but they were pretty weird before anyway.
Minor other code review for the patch, too.
Drop special handling of host component with slashes to mean
Unix-domain socket. Specify it as separate parameter or using
percent-encoding now.
Allow omitting username, password, and port even if the corresponding
designators are present in URI.
Handle percent-encoding in query parameter keywords.
Alex Shulgin
some documentation improvements by myself
Per discussion, we should explain that we follow RFC 3339 and not really
the letter of the ISO 8601 spec for timestamp output format. Mostly
Brendan Jurd's wording, though I tweaked it to clarify that we do take 'T'
on input. Minor additional copy-editing and markup-tweaking, too.
initdb: Add -T option
oid2name: Put options in some non-random order
pg_dump: Put --section option in the right place
And some additional markup and terminology improvements.
Since we've got an "open items" list item about this, apparently some
people are pretty worried about it.
In passing remove a lot of trailing whitespace.
This example was quite old: it lacked the WAL writer and autovac launcher
as well as the more recently added checkpointer. Linux "ps" seems to show
slightly different stuff now too.
We previously recognized that citext wouldn't get marked as collatable
during pg_upgrade from a pre-9.1 installation, and hacked its
create-from-unpackaged script to manually perform the necessary catalog
adjustments. However, we overlooked the fact that domains over citext,
as well as the citext[] array type, need the same adjustments. Extend
the script to handle those cases.
Also, the documentation suggested that this was only an issue in pg_upgrade
scenarios, which is quite wrong; loading any dump containing citext from a
pre-9.1 server will also result in the type being wrongly marked.
I approached the documentation problem by changing the 9.1.2 release note
paragraphs about this issue, which is historically inaccurate. But it
seems better than having the information scattered in multiple places, and
leaving incorrect info in the 9.1.2 notes would be bad anyway. We'll still
need to mention the issue again in the 9.1.4 notes, but perhaps they can
just reference 9.1.2 for fix instructions.
Per report from Evan Carroll. Back-patch into 9.1.
Rewrite description of "include_if_exists" for clarity. Add subsection
headings to make the structure of the page a little clearer. A couple
other minor improvements too.
Josh Kupershmidt and Tom Lane
HEAD documentation was failing to build as US PDF for me, because a link
to "CREATE CAST" was getting split across pages. Adjust wording to
remove this rather gratuitous cross-reference.
It was already on its last legs, and it turns out that it was
accidentally broken in commit 89e850e6fd
and no one cared. So remove the rest the support for it and update
the documentation to indicate that Python 2.3 is now required.
It'd be nice to be able to spell Jan Urbanski's name with the correct
accent marks, but we haven't yet found a way that works in everybody's
docs toolchain. This way definitely doesn't.
Create separate appendixes for contrib extensions and other server
plugins on the one hand, and utility programs on the other. Recast
the documentation of the latter as refentries, so that man pages are
generated.
This adds the variable COMP_KEYWORD_CASE, which controls in what case
keywords are completed. This is partially to let users configure the
change from commit 69f4f1c357, but it
also offers more behaviors than were available before.
Commit 62c7bd31c8 had assorted problems, most
visibly that it broke PREPARE TRANSACTION in the presence of session-level
advisory locks (which should be ignored by PREPARE), as per a recent
complaint from Stephen Rees. More abstractly, the patch made the
LockMethodData.transactional flag not merely useless but outright
dangerous, because in point of fact that flag no longer tells you anything
at all about whether a lock is held transactionally. This fix therefore
removes that flag altogether. We now rely entirely on the convention
already in use in lock.c that transactional lock holds must be owned by
some ResourceOwner, while session holds are never so owned. Setting the
locallock struct's owner link to NULL thus denotes a session hold, and
there is no redundant marker for that.
PREPARE TRANSACTION now works again when there are session-level advisory
locks, and it is also able to transfer transactional advisory locks to the
prepared transaction, but for implementation reasons it throws an error if
we hold both types of lock on a single lockable object. Perhaps it will be
worth improving that someday.
Assorted other minor cleanup and documentation editing, as well.
Back-patch to 9.1, except that in the 9.1 branch I did not remove the
LockMethodData.transactional flag for fear of causing an ABI break for
any external code that might be examining those structs.
The default for the choice attribute of the <arg> element is "opt",
which would normally put the argument inside brackets. But the DSSSL
stylesheets contain a hack that treats <arg> directly inside <group>
specially, so that <group><arg>-x</arg><arg>-y</arg></group> comes out
as [ -x | -y ] rather than [ [-x] | [-y] ], which it would technically
be. But when building man pages, this doesn't work, and so the
command synopses on the man pages contain lots of extra brackets.
By putting choice="opt" or choice="plain" explicitly on every <arg>
and <group> element, we avoid any toolchain dependencies like that,
and it also makes it clearer in the source code what is meant.
In passing, make some small corrections in the documentation about
which arguments are really optional or not.
Remove the following ports:
- dgux
- nextstep
- sunos4
- svr4
- ultrix4
- univel
These are obsolete and not worth rescuing. In most cases, there is
circumstantial evidence that they wouldn't work anymore anyway.
Add more markup in particular so that the command options appear
consistently in monospace in the HTML output.
On the vacuumdb reference page, remove listing all the possible
options in the synopsis. They have become too many now; we have the
detailed options list for that.
We had changed this from the default bold to monospace for all output
formats, but for man pages, this creates visual inconsistencies, so
revert to the default for man pages.
This patch adjusts the core statistics views to match the decision already
taken for pg_stat_statements, that values representing elapsed time should
be represented as float8 and measured in milliseconds. By using float8,
we are no longer tied to a specific maximum precision of timing data.
(Internally, it's still microseconds, but we could now change that without
needing changes at the SQL level.)
The columns affected are
pg_stat_bgwriter.checkpoint_write_time
pg_stat_bgwriter.checkpoint_sync_time
pg_stat_database.blk_read_time
pg_stat_database.blk_write_time
pg_stat_user_functions.total_time
pg_stat_user_functions.self_time
pg_stat_xact_user_functions.total_time
pg_stat_xact_user_functions.self_time
The first four of these are new in 9.2, so there is no compatibility issue
from changing them. The others require a release note comment that they
are now double precision (and can show a fractional part) rather than
bigint as before; also their underlying statistics functions now match
the column definitions, instead of returning bigint microseconds.
Get rid of the per-column documentation of underlying functions, which did
far more to clutter the view descriptions than it did to be helpful, and
was rather incomplete and typo-ridden anyway. Instead suggest that people
consult the definitions of the standard views to see the underlying
functions.
The older functions for obtaining individual facts about backends are now
somewhat obsoleted by pg_stat_get_activity, which means that they are not
documented by any standard view. So I put that information into a separate
table. (Maybe we should just deprecate them instead?)
In passing, fix a couple more documentation errors.
Display total time and I/O timings in milliseconds, for consistency with
the units used for timings in the core statistics views. The columns
remain of float8 type, so that sub-msec precision is available. (At some
point we will probably want to convert the core views to use float8 type
for the same reason, but this patch does not touch that issue.)
This is a release-note-requiring change in the meaning of the total_time
column. The I/O timing columns are new as of 9.2, so there is no
compatibility impact from redefining them.
Do some minor copy-editing in the documentation, too.
Get rid of section 8.5.6 (Date/Time Internals), which appears to confuse
people more than it helps, and anyway discussion of Postgres' internal
datetime calculation methods seems pretty out of place here. Instead,
make datatype.sgml just say that we follow the Gregorian calendar (a bit
of specification not previously present anywhere in that chapter :-()
and link to the History of Units appendix for more info. Do some mild
editorialization on that appendix, too, to make it clearer that we are
following proleptic Gregorian calendar rules rather than anything more
historically accurate.
Per a question from Florence Cousin and subsequent discussion in
pgsql-docs.
Prohibiting this outright would break dumps taken from older versions
that contain such casts, which would create far more pain than is
justified here.
Per report by Jaime Casanova and subsequent discussion.
The original syntax wasn't universally loved, and it didn't allow its
usage in CREATE TABLE, only ALTER TABLE. It now works everywhere, and
it also allows using ALTER TABLE ONLY to add an uninherited CHECK
constraint, per discussion.
The pg_constraint column has accordingly been renamed connoinherit.
This commit partly reverts some of the changes in
61d81bd28d, particularly some pg_dump and
psql bits, because now pg_get_constraintdef includes the necessary NO
INHERIT within the constraint definition.
Author: Nikhil Sontakke
Some tweaks by me
The result object methods colnames() etc. would crash when called
after a command that did not produce a result set. Now they throw an
exception.
discovery and initial patch by Jean-Baptiste Quenot
The output of the new pg_xlog_location_diff function is of type numeric,
since it could theoretically overflow an int8 due to signedness; this
provides a convenient way to format such values.
Fujii Masao, with some beautification by me.
Per mailing list discussion, we would like to keep the bytea functions
parallel to the text functions, so rename bytea_agg to string_agg,
which already exists for text.
Also, to satisfy the rule that we don't want aggregate functions of
the same name with a different number of arguments, add a delimiter
argument, just like string_agg for text already has.
Previously we attempted to throw an error or at least warning for missing
schemas, but this was done inconsistently because of implementation
restrictions (in many cases, GUC settings are applied outside transactions
so that we can't do system catalog lookups). Furthermore, there were
exceptions to the rule even in the beginning, and we'd been poking more
and more holes in it as time went on, because it turns out that there are
lots of use-cases for having some irrelevant items in a common search_path
value. It seems better to just adopt a philosophy similar to what's always
been done with Unix PATH settings, wherein nonexistent or unreadable
directories are silently ignored.
This commit also fixes the documentation to point out that schemas for
which the user lacks USAGE privilege are silently ignored. That's always
been true but was previously not documented.
This is mostly in response to Robert Haas' complaint that 9.1 started to
throw errors or warnings for missing schemas in cases where prior releases
had not. We won't adopt such a significant behavioral change in a back
branch, so something different will be needed in 9.1.
postgres:// URIs are an attempt to "stop the bleeding" in this general
area that has been said to occur due to external projects adopting their
own syntaxes. The syntaxes supported by this patch:
postgres://[user[:pwd]@][unix-socket][:port[/dbname]][?param1=value1&...]
postgres://[user[:pwd]@][net-location][:port][/dbname][?param1=value1&...]
should be enough to cover most interesting cases without having to
resort to "param=value" pairs, but those are provided for the cases that
need them regardless.
libpq documentation has been shuffled around a bit, to avoid stuffing
all the format details into the PQconnectdbParams description, which was
already a bit overwhelming. The list of keywords has moved to its own
subsection, and the details on the URI format live in another subsection.
This includes a simple test program, as requested in discussion, to
ensure that interesting corner cases continue to work appropriately in
the future.
Author: Alexander Shulgin
Some tweaking by Álvaro Herrera, Greg Smith, Daniel Farina, Peter Eisentraut
Reviewed by Robert Haas, Alexey Klyukin (offlist), Heikki Linnakangas,
Marko Kreen, and others
Oh, it also supports postgresql:// but that's probably just an accident.
This patch reverts commit 191ef2b407
and thereby restores the pre-7.3 behavior of EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM
timestamp-without-tz). Per discussion, the more recent behavior was
misguided on a couple of grounds: it makes it hard to get a
non-timezone-aware epoch value for a timestamp, and it makes this one
case dependent on the value of the timezone GUC, which is incompatible
with having timestamp_part() labeled as immutable.
The other behavior is still available (in all releases) by explicitly
casting the timestamp to timestamp with time zone before applying EXTRACT.
This will need to be called out as an incompatible change in the 9.2
release notes. Although having mutable behavior in a function marked
immutable is clearly a bug, we're not going to back-patch such a change.
It's still non-deterministic in some sense ... but given fixed settings
and identical planning problems, it will now always choose the same plan,
so we probably shouldn't tar it with that brush. Per bug #6565 from
Guillaume Cottenceau. Back-patch to 9.0 where the behavior was fixed.
If we make the initially-called function return the table physical-size
estimate, acquire_inherited_sample_rows will be able to use that to
allocate numbers of samples among child tables, when the day comes that
we want to support foreign tables in inheritance trees.
ANALYZE now accepts foreign tables and allows the table's FDW to control
how the sample rows are collected. (But only manual ANALYZEs will touch
foreign tables, for the moment, since among other things it's not very
clear how to handle remote permissions checks in an auto-analyze.)
contrib/file_fdw is extended to support this.
Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Shigeru Hanada, some further tweaking by me.
Ants Aasma's original patch to add timing information for buffer I/O
requests exposed this data at the relation level, which was judged too
costly. I've here exposed it at the database level instead.
This patch provides a test case for libpq's row processor API.
contrib/dblink can deal with very large result sets by dumping them into
a tuplestore (which can spill to disk) --- but until now, the intermediate
storage of the query result in a PGresult meant memory bloat for any large
result. Now we use a row processor to convert the data to tuple form and
dump it directly into the tuplestore.
A limitation is that this only works for plain dblink() queries, not
dblink_send_query() followed by dblink_get_result(). In the latter
case we don't know the desired tuple rowtype soon enough. While hack
solutions to that are possible, a different user-level API would
probably be a better answer.
Kyotaro Horiguchi, reviewed by Marko Kreen and Tom Lane
Traditionally libpq has collected an entire query result before passing
it back to the application. That provides a simple and transactional API,
but it's pretty inefficient for large result sets. This patch allows the
application to process each row on-the-fly instead of accumulating the
rows into the PGresult. Error recovery becomes a bit more complex, but
often that tradeoff is well worth making.
Kyotaro Horiguchi, reviewed by Marko Kreen and Tom Lane
pg_stat_statements now hashes selected fields of the analyzed parse tree
to assign a "fingerprint" to each query, and groups all queries with the
same fingerprint into a single entry in the pg_stat_statements view.
In practice it is expected that queries with the same fingerprint will be
equivalent except for values of literal constants. To make the display
more useful, such constants are replaced by "?" in the displayed query
strings.
This mechanism currently supports only optimizable queries (SELECT,
INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE). Utility commands are still matched on the
basis of their literal query strings.
There remain some open questions about how to deal with utility statements
that contain optimizable queries (such as EXPLAIN and SELECT INTO) and how
to deal with expiring speculative hashtable entries that are made to save
the normalized form of a query string. However, fixing these issues should
require only localized changes, and since there are other open patches
involving contrib/pg_stat_statements, it seems best to go ahead and commit
what we've got.
Peter Geoghegan, reviewed by Daniel Farina
Currently, the only way to see the numbers this gathers is via
EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS), but the plan is to add visibility through
the stats collector and pg_stat_statements in subsequent patches.
Ants Aasma, reviewed by Greg Smith, with some further changes by me.
Fix loss of previous expression-simplification work when a transform
function fires: we must not simply revert to untransformed input tree.
Instead build a dummy FuncExpr node to pass to the transform function.
This has the additional advantage of providing a simpler, more uniform
API for transform functions.
Move documentation to a somewhat less buried spot, relocate some
poorly-placed code, be more wary of null constants and invalid typmod
values, add an opr_sanity check on protransform function signatures,
and some other minor cosmetic adjustments.
Note: although this patch touches pg_proc.h, no need for catversion
bump, because the changes are cosmetic and don't actually change the
intended catalog contents.
Per a suggestion from Euler Taveira, it seems like a good idea to include
this information in \du (and \dg) output. This costs nothing for people
who are not using the VALID UNTIL feature, while for those who are, it's
rather critical information.
Fabrízio de Royes Mello
PGAC_PATH_COLLATEINDEX supposed that it could use AC_PATH_PROGS to search
for collateindex.pl, but that macro will only accept files that are marked
executable, and at least some DocBook installations don't mark the script
executable (a case the docs Makefile was already prepared for). Accept the
script if it's present and readable in $DOCBOOKSTYLE/bin, and otherwise
search the PATH as before.
Having fixed that up, we don't need the fallback case that was in the docs
Makefile, and instead can throw an understandable error if configure didn't
find the script. Per recent trouble report from John Lumby.
Document that routine vacuuming is now also important for the purpose
of index-only scans; and mention in the section that describes the
visibility map that it is used to implement index-only scans.
Marti Raudsepp, with some changes by me.
Instead of just stopping after removing an arbitrary subset of orphaned
large objects, commit and start a new transaction after each -l objects.
This is just as effective as the original patch at limiting the number of
locks used, and it doesn't require doing the OID collection process
repeatedly to get everything. Since the option no longer changes the
fundamental behavior of vacuumlo, and it avoids a known server-side
limitation, enable it by default (with a default limit of 1000 LOs per
transaction).
In passing, be more careful about properly quoting the names of tables
and fields, and do some other cosmetic cleanup.
This is intended as infrastructure to allow sepgsql to cooperate with
connection pooling software, by allowing the effective security label
to be set for each new connection.
KaiGai Kohei, reviewed by Yeb Havinga.
add ability to control permissions of created files
have psql echo its queries for easier debugging
output four separate log files, and delete them on success
add -r/--retain option to keep log files after success
make logs file append-only
remove -g/-G/-l logging options
sugggest tailing appropriate log file on failure
enhance -v/--verbose behavior
This patch fixes the other major compatibility-breaking limitation of
SPGiST, that it didn't store anything for null values of the indexed
column, and so could not support whole-index scans or "x IS NULL"
tests. The approach is to create a wholly separate search tree for
the null entries, and use fixed "allTheSame" insertion and search
rules when processing this tree, instead of calling the index opclass
methods. This way the opclass methods do not need to worry about
dealing with nulls.
Catversion bump is for pg_am updates as well as the change in on-disk
format of SPGiST indexes; there are some tweaks in SPGiST WAL records
as well.
Heavily rewritten version of a patch by Oleg Bartunov and Teodor Sigaev.
(The original also stored nulls separately, but it reused GIN code to do
so; which required undesirable compromises in the on-disk format, and
would likely lead to bugs due to the GIN code being required to work in
two very different contexts.)
The original API definition was incapable of supporting whole-index scans
because there was no way to invoke leaf-value reconstruction without
checking any qual conditions. Also, it was inefficient for
multiple-qual-condition scans because value reconstruction got done over
again for each qual condition, and because other internal work in the
consistent functions likewise had to be done for each qual. To fix these
issues, pass the whole scankey array to the opclass consistent functions,
instead of only letting them see one item at a time. (Essentially, the
loop over scankey entries is now inside the consistent functions not
outside them. This makes the consistent functions a bit more complicated,
but not unreasonably so.)
In itself this commit does nothing except save a few cycles in
multiple-qual-condition index scans, since we can't support whole-index
scans on SPGiST indexes until nulls are included in the index. However,
I consider this a must-fix for 9.2 because once we release it will get
very much harder to change the opclass API definition.
Further reflection shows that a single callback isn't very workable if we
desire to let FDWs generate multiple Paths, because that forces the FDW to
do all work necessary to generate a valid Plan node for each Path. Instead
split the former PlanForeignScan API into three steps: GetForeignRelSize,
GetForeignPaths, GetForeignPlan. We had already bit the bullet of breaking
the 9.1 FDW API for 9.2, so this shouldn't cause very much additional pain,
and it's substantially more flexible for complex FDWs.
Add an fdw_private field to RelOptInfo so that the new functions can save
state there rather than possibly having to recalculate information two or
three times.
In addition, we'd not thought through what would be needed to allow an FDW
to set up subexpressions of its choice for runtime execution. We could
treat ForeignScan.fdw_private as an executable expression but that seems
likely to break existing FDWs unnecessarily (in particular, it would
restrict the set of node types allowable in fdw_private to those supported
by expression_tree_walker). Instead, invent a separate field fdw_exprs
which will receive the postprocessing appropriate for expression trees.
(One field is enough since it can be a list of expressions; also, we assume
the corresponding expression state tree(s) will be held within fdw_state,
so we don't need to add anything to ForeignScanState.)
Per review of Hanada Shigeru's pgsql_fdw patch. We may need to tweak this
further as we continue to work on that patch, but to me it feels a lot
closer to being right now.
GetForeignColumnOptions provides some abstraction for accessing
column-specific FDW options, on a par with the access functions that were
already provided here for other FDW-related information.
Adjust file_fdw.c to use GetForeignColumnOptions instead of equivalent
hand-rolled code.
In addition, add some SGML documentation for the functions exported by
foreign.c that are meant for use by FDW authors.
(This is the fdw_helper portion of the proposed pgsql_fdw patch.)
Hanada Shigeru, reviewed by KaiGai Kohei
The original API specification only allowed an FDW to create a single
access path, which doesn't seem like a terribly good idea in hindsight.
Instead, move the responsibility for building the Path node and calling
add_path() into the FDW's PlanForeignScan function. Now, it can do that
more than once if appropriate. There is no longer any need for the
transient FdwPlan struct, so get rid of that.
Etsuro Fujita, Shigeru Hanada, Tom Lane
In backup.sgml, point out that you need to be using the logging collector
if you want to log messages from a failing archive_command script. (This
is an oversimplification, in that it will work without the collector as
long as you're not sending postmaster stderr to /dev/null; but it seems
like a good idea to encourage use of the collector to avoid problems
with multiple processes concurrently scribbling on one file.)
In config.sgml, do some wordsmithing of logging_collector discussion.
Per bug #6518 from Janning Vygen
Comparing two xlog locations are useful for example when calculating
replication lag.
Euler Taveira de Oliveira, reviewed by Fujii Masao, and some cleanups
from me
This patch improves selectivity estimation for the array <@, &&, and @>
(containment and overlaps) operators. It enables collection of statistics
about individual array element values by ANALYZE, and introduces
operator-specific estimators that use these stats. In addition,
ScalarArrayOpExpr constructs of the forms "const = ANY/ALL (array_column)"
and "const <> ANY/ALL (array_column)" are estimated by treating them as
variants of the containment operators.
Since we still collect scalar-style stats about the array values as a
whole, the pg_stats view is expanded to show both these stats and the
array-style stats in separate columns. This creates an incompatible change
in how stats for tsvector columns are displayed in pg_stats: the stats
about lexemes are now displayed in the array-related columns instead of the
original scalar-related columns.
There are a few loose ends here, notably that it'd be nice to be able to
suppress either the scalar-style stats or the array-element stats for
columns for which they're not useful. But the patch is in good enough
shape to commit for wider testing.
Alexander Korotkov, reviewed by Noah Misch and Nathan Boley
The only reason this didn't work before was that parserOpenTable()
rejects composite types. So use relation_openrv() directly and
manually do the errposition() setup that parserOpenTable() does.
For those of us who prefer the formatting of the docs using the
website stylesheets. Use "make STYLE=website draft" (for example) to use.
The stylesheet itself is referenced directly to the website, so there
is currently no copy of it stored in the source repository. Thus, docs
built with it will only look correct if the browser can access the website
when viewing them.
The <literal> markup is not visible as distinct on man pages, which
creates a bit of confusion when looking at the documentation of the
pg_basebackup -l option. Rather than reinventing the entire font
system for man pages to remedy this, just put some quotes around this
particular case, which should also help in other output formats.
Several places were still written as though standard_conforming_strings
didn't exist, much less be the default. Now that it is on by default,
we can simplify the text and just insert occasional notes suggesting that
you might have to think harder if it's turned off. Per discussion of a
suggestion from Hannes Frederic Sowa.
Back-patch to 9.1 where standard_conforming_strings was made the default.
Most people won't read them individually anyway, it's an easy way to find
them, and it's a lot of duplicated information if they are kept in two
different places.
This makes it easier to match a column name with the description of it,
and makes it possible to add more detailed documentation in the future.
This patch does not add that extra documentation at this point, only
the structure required for it.
Modeled on the changes already done to pg_stat_activity.
This check was overlooked when we added function execute permissions to the
system years ago. For an ordinary trigger function it's not a big deal,
since trigger functions execute with the permissions of the table owner,
so they couldn't do anything the user issuing the CREATE TRIGGER couldn't
have done anyway. However, if a trigger function is SECURITY DEFINER,
that is not the case. The lack of checking would allow another user to
install it on his own table and then invoke it with, essentially, forged
input data; which the trigger function is unlikely to realize, so it might
do something undesirable, for instance insert false entries in an audit log
table.
Reported by Dinesh Kumar, patch by Robert Haas
Security: CVE-2012-0866
This allows changing the location of the files that were previously
hard-coded to server.crt, server.key, root.crt, root.crl.
server.crt and server.key continue to be the default settings and are
thus required to be present by default if SSL is enabled. But the
settings for the server-side CA and CRL are now empty by default, and
if they are set, the files are required to be present. This replaces
the previous behavior of ignoring the functionality if the files were
not found.
Some line feeds are added to target lists and from lists to make
them more readable. By default they wrap at 80 columns if possible,
but the wrap column is also selectable - if 0 it wraps after every
item.
Andrew Dunstan, reviewed by Hitoshi Harada.
We don't normally allow quals to be pushed down into a view created
with the security_barrier option, but functions without side effects
are an exception: they're OK. This allows much better performance in
common cases, such as when using an equality operator (that might
even be indexable).
There is an outstanding issue here with the CREATE FUNCTION / ALTER
FUNCTION syntax: there's no way to use ALTER FUNCTION to unset the
leakproof flag. But I'm committing this as-is so that it doesn't
have to be rebased again; we can fix up the grammar in a future
commit.
KaiGai Kohei, with some wordsmithing by me.
Add new psql settings and command-line options to support setting the
field and record separators for unaligned output to a zero byte, for
easier interfacing with other shell tools.
reviewed by Abhijit Menon-Sen
Sometimes it may be useful to get actual row counts out of EXPLAIN
(ANALYZE) without paying the cost of timing every node entry/exit.
With this patch, you can say EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, TIMING OFF) to get that.
Tomas Vondra, reviewed by Eric Theise, with minor doc changes by me.
Do not prompt when options were not specified. Assume --no-createdb,
--no-createrole, --no-superuser by default.
Also disable prompting for user name in dropdb, unless --interactive
was specified.
reviewed by Josh Kupershmidt
In dry-run mode, just the name of the file to be removed is printed to
stdout; this is so the user can easily plug it into another program
through a pipe. If debug mode is also specified, a more verbose message
is printed to stderr.
Author: Gabriele Bartolini
Reviewer: Josh Kupershmidt
Like the XML data type, we simply store JSON data as text, after checking
that it is valid. More complex operations such as canonicalization and
comparison may come later, but this is enough for not.
There are a few open issues here, such as whether we should attempt to
detect UTF-8 surrogate pairs represented as \uXXXX\uYYYY, but this gets
the basic framework in place.
The sequence USAGE privilege is sufficiently similar to the SQL
standard that it seems reasonable to show in the information schema.
Also add some compatibility notes about it on the GRANT reference
page.
Add result object functions .colnames, .coltypes, .coltypmods to
obtain information about the result column names and types, which was
previously not possible in the PL/Python SPI interface.
reviewed by Abhijit Menon-Sen
This patch fixes the planner so that it can generate nestloop-with-
inner-indexscan plans even with one or more levels of joining between
the indexscan and the nestloop join that is supplying the parameter.
The executor was fixed to handle such cases some time ago, but the
planner was not ready. This should improve our plans in many situations
where join ordering restrictions formerly forced complete table scans.
There is probably a fair amount of tuning work yet to be done, because
of various heuristics that have been added to limit the number of
parameterized paths considered. However, we are not going to find out
what needs to be adjusted until the code gets some real-world use, so
it's time to get it in there where it can be tested easily.
Note API change for index AM amcostestimate functions. I'm not aware of
any non-core index AMs, but if there are any, they will need minor
adjustments.
Add counters for number and size of temporary files used
for spill-to-disk queries for each database to the
pg_stat_database view.
Tomas Vondra, review by Magnus Hagander
Base backup follows recommended procedure, plus goes to great
lengths to ensure that partial page writes are avoided.
Jun Ishizuka and Fujii Masao, with minor modifications
This reports the depth level of triggers currently in execution, or zero
if not called from inside a trigger.
No catversion bump in this patch, but you have to initdb if you want
access to the new function.
Author: Kevin Grittner
Replication occurs only to memory on standby, not to disk,
so provides additional performance if user wishes to
reduce durability level slightly. Adds concept of multiple
independent sync rep queues.
Fujii Masao and Simon Riggs
This separates the state (running/idle/idleintransaction etc) into
it's own field ("state"), and leaves the query field containing just
query text.
The query text will now mean "current query" when a query is running
and "last query" in other states. Accordingly,the field has been
renamed from current_query to query.
Since backwards compatibility was broken anyway to make that, the procpid
field has also been renamed to pid - along with the same field in
pg_stat_replication for consistency.
Scott Mead and Magnus Hagander, review work from Greg Smith
That avoids errors when the functions are used in queries like "SELECT
pg_relation_size(oid) FROM pg_class", and a table is dropped concurrently.
Phil Sorber
When creating a child table, or when attaching an existing table as
child of another, we must not allow inheritable constraints to be
merged with non-inheritable ones, because then grandchildren would not
properly get the constraint. This would violate the grandparent's
expectations.
Bugs noted by Robert Haas.
Author: Nikhil Sontakke
Allows a user to use pg_cancel_queries() to cancel queries in
other backends if they are running under the same role.
pg_terminate_backend() still requires superuser permissoins.
Short patch, many authors working on the bikeshed: Magnus Hagander,
Josh Kupershmidt, Edward Muller, Greg Smith.
superuser doesn't have doesn't make much sense, as a superuser can do
whatever he wants through other means, anyway. So instead of granting
replication privilege to superusers in CREATE USER time by default, allow
replication connection from superusers whether or not they have the
replication privilege.
Patch by Noah Misch, per discussion on bug report #6264
Point out in the compatibility section that granting grant options to
PUBLIC is not supported by PostgreSQL. This is already mentioned
earlier, but since it concerns the information schema, it might be
worth pointing out explicitly as a compatibility issue.
The original implementation of this interpreted it as a kind of
"inheritance" facility and named all the internal structures
accordingly. This turned out to be very confusing, because it has
nothing to do with the INHERITS feature. So rename all the internal
parser infrastructure, update the comments, adjust the error messages,
and split up the regression tests.
ALTER DOMAIN / DROP CONSTRAINT on a nonexistent constraint name did
not report any error. Now it reports an error. The IF EXISTS option
was added to get the usual behavior of ignoring nonexistent objects to
drop.
In commit e2c2c2e8b1 I made use of nested
list structures to show which clauses went with which index columns, but
on reflection that's a data structure that only an old-line Lisp hacker
could love. Worse, it adds unnecessary complication to the many places
that don't much care which clauses go with which index columns. Revert
to the previous arrangement of flat lists of clauses, and instead add a
parallel integer list of column numbers. The places that care about the
pairing can chase both lists with forboth(), while the places that don't
care just examine one list the same as before.
The only real downside to this is that there are now two more lists that
need to be passed to amcostestimate functions in case they care about
column matching (which btcostestimate does, so not passing the info is not
an option). Rather than deal with 11-argument amcostestimate functions,
pass just the IndexPath and expect the functions to extract fields from it.
That gets us down to 7 arguments which is better than 11, and it seems
more future-proof against likely additions to the information we keep
about an index path.
When a view is marked as a security barrier, it will not be pulled up
into the containing query, and no quals will be pushed down into it,
so that no function or operator chosen by the user can be applied to
rows not exposed by the view. Views not configured with this
option cannot provide robust row-level security, but will perform far
better.
Patch by KaiGai Kohei; original problem report by Heikki Linnakangas
(in October 2009!). Review (in earlier versions) by Noah Misch and
others. Design advice by Tom Lane and myself. Further review and
cleanup by me.
You could already rename domains using ALTER TYPE, but with this new
command it is more consistent with how other commands treat domains as
a subcategory of types.
This adds support for the more or less SQL-conforming USAGE privilege
on types and domains. The intent is to be able restrict which users
can create dependencies on types, which restricts the way in which
owners can alter types.
reviewed by Yeb Havinga
This makes them enforceable only on the parent table, not on children
tables. This is useful in various situations, per discussion involving
people bitten by the restrictive behavior introduced in 8.4.
Message-Id:
8762mp93iw.fsf@comcast.netCAFaPBrSMMpubkGf4zcRL_YL-AERUbYF_-ZNNYfb3CVwwEqc9TQ@mail.gmail.com
Authors: Nikhil Sontakke, Alex Hunsaker
Reviewed by Robert Haas and myself
Operator classes can specify whether or not they support this; this
preserves the flexibility to use lossy representations within an index.
In passing, move constant data about a given index into the rd_amcache
cache area, instead of doing fresh lookups each time we start an index
operation. This is mainly to try to make sure that spgcanreturn() has
insignificant cost; I still don't have any proof that it matters for
actual index accesses. Also, get rid of useless copying of FmgrInfo
pointers; we can perfectly well use the relcache's versions in-place.
The need for this was debated when we put in the index-only-scan feature,
but at the time we had no near-term expectation of having AMs that could
support such scans for only some indexes; so we kept it simple. However,
the SP-GiST AM forces the issue, so let's fix it.
This patch only installs the new API; no behavior actually changes.
SP-GiST is comparable to GiST in flexibility, but supports non-balanced
partitioned search structures rather than balanced trees. As described at
PGCon 2011, this new indexing structure can beat GiST in both index build
time and query speed for search problems that it is well matched to.
There are a number of areas that could still use improvement, but at this
point the code seems committable.
Teodor Sigaev and Oleg Bartunov, with considerable revisions by Tom Lane
Valid values are --pre-data, data and post-data. The option can be
given more than once. --schema-only is equivalent to
--section=pre-data --section=post-data. --data-only is equivalent
to --section=data.
Andrew Dunstan, reviewed by Joachim Wieland and Josh Berkus.
This works the same as include, except that an error is not thrown
if the file is missing. Instead the fact that it's missing is
logged.
Greg Smith, reviewed by Euler Taveira de Oliveira.
Andrew Dunstan, reviewed by Josh Berkus, Robert Haas and Peter Geoghegan.
This allows dumping of a table definition but not its data, on a per table basis.
Table name patterns are supported just as for --exclude-table.
Instead, add a function pg_tablespace_location(oid) used to return
the same information, and do this by reading the symbolic link.
Doing it this way makes it possible to relocate a tablespace when the
database is down by simply changing the symbolic link.
This patch creates an API whereby a btree index opclass can optionally
provide non-SQL-callable support functions for sorting. In the initial
patch, we only use this to provide a directly-callable comparator function,
which can be invoked with a bit less overhead than the traditional
SQL-callable comparator. While that should be of value in itself, the real
reason for doing this is to provide a datatype-extensible framework for
more aggressive optimizations, as in Peter Geoghegan's recent work.
Robert Haas and Tom Lane
If unable to connect to "postgres", try "template1". This allows things to
work more smoothly in the case where the postgres database has been
dropped. And just in case that's not good enough, also allow the user to
specify a maintenance database to be used for the initial connection, to
cover the case where neither postgres nor template1 is suitable.
Add a function plpy.cursor that is similar to plpy.execute but uses an
SPI cursor to avoid fetching the entire result set into memory.
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Steve Singer
This can be used to set (or unset) environment variables that will
affect programs called by psql (such as the PAGER), probably most
usefully in a .psqlrc file.
Andrew Dunstan, reviewed by Josh Kupershmidt.
PGresults used to be read-only from the application's viewpoint, but now
that we've exposed various functions that allow modification of a PGresult,
that sweeping statement is no longer accurate. Noted by Dmitriy Igrishin.
The correct information appears in the text, so just remove the statement
in the table, where it did not fit nicely anyway. (Curiously, the correct
info has been there much longer than the erroneous table entry.)
Resolves problem noted by Daniele Varrazzo.
In HEAD and 9.1, also do a bit of wordsmithing on other text on the page.
The WITH [NO] DATA option was not supported, nor the ability to specify
replacement column names; the former limitation wasn't even documented, as
per recent complaint from Naoya Anzai. Fix by moving the responsibility
for supporting these options into the executor. It actually takes less
code this way ...
catversion bump due to change in representation of IntoClause, which might
affect stored rules.
It's not clear that a per-datatype typanalyze function would be any more
useful than a generic typanalyze for ranges. What *is* clear is that
letting unprivileged users select typanalyze functions is a crash risk or
worse. So remove the option from CREATE TYPE AS RANGE, and instead put in
a generic typanalyze function for ranges. The generic function does
nothing as yet, but hopefully we'll improve that before 9.2 release.
Per discussion, the zero-argument forms aren't really worth the catalog
space (just write 'empty' instead). The one-argument forms have some use,
but they also have a serious problem with looking too much like functional
cast notation; to the point where in many real use-cases, the parser would
misinterpret what was wanted.
Committing this as a separate patch, with the thought that we might want
to revert part or all of it if we can think of some way around the cast
ambiguity.
For a very long time, one of the parser's heuristics for resolving
ambiguous operator calls has been to assume that unknown-type literals are
of the same type as the other input (if it's known). However, this was
only used in the first step of quickly checking for an exact-types match,
and thus did not help in resolving matches that require coercion, such as
matches to polymorphic operators. As we add more polymorphic operators,
this becomes more of a problem. This patch adds another use of the same
heuristic as a last-ditch check before failing to resolve an ambiguous
operator or function call. In particular this will let us define the range
inclusion operator in a less limited way (to come in a follow-on patch).
A very long time ago, language names were specified as literals rather
than identifiers, so this code was added to do case-folding. But that
style has ben deprecated for many years so this isn't needed any more.
Language names will still be downcased when specified as unquoted
identifiers, but quoted identifiers or the old style using string
literals will be left as-is.
Change range_lower and range_upper to return NULL rather than throwing an
error when the input range is empty or the relevant bound is infinite. Per
discussion, throwing an error seems likely to be unduly hard to work with.
Also, this is more consistent with the behavior of the constructors, which
treat NULL as meaning an infinite bound.
Change range_before, range_after, range_adjacent to return false rather
than throwing an error when one or both input ranges are empty.
The original definition is unnecessarily difficult to use, and also can
result in undesirable planner failures since the planner could try to
compare an empty range to something else while deriving statistical
estimates. (This was, in fact, the cause of repeatable regression test
failures on buildfarm member jaguar, as well as intermittent failures
elsewhere.)
Also tweak rangetypes regression test to not drop all the objects it
creates, so that the final state of the regression database contains
some rangetype objects for pg_dump testing.
This adds the "auto" option to the \x command, which switches to the
expanded mode when the normal output would be wider than the screen.
reviewed by Noah Misch
This reverts commit 0180bd6180.
contrib/userlock is gone, but user-level locking still exists,
and is exposed via the pg_advisory* family of functions.
Since PostgreSQL 9.0, we've emitted a warning message when an operator
named => is created, because the SQL standard now reserves that token
for another use. But we've also shipped such an operator with hstore.
Use of the function hstore(text, text) has been recommended in
preference to =>(text, text). Per discussion, it's now time to take
the next step and stop shipping the operator. This will allow us to
prohibit the use of => as an operator name in a future release if and
when we wish to support the SQL standard use of this token.
The release notes should mention this incompatibility.
Patch by me, reviewed by David Wheeler, Dimitri Fontaine and Tom Lane.
Add option for parallel streaming of the transaction log while a
base backup is running, to get the logfiles before the server has
removed them.
Also add a tool called pg_receivexlog, which streams the transaction
log into files, creating a log archive without having to wait for
segments to complete, thus decreasing the window of data loss without
having to waste space using archive_timeout. This works best in
combination with archive_command - suggested usage docs etc coming later.
This allows different instances to use the eventlog with different
identifiers, by setting the event_source GUC, similar to how
syslog_ident works.
Original patch by MauMau, heavily modified by Magnus Hagander
A transaction can export a snapshot with pg_export_snapshot(), and then
others can import it with SET TRANSACTION SNAPSHOT. The data does not
leave the server so there are not security issues. A snapshot can only
be imported while the exporting transaction is still running, and there
are some other restrictions.
I'm not totally convinced that we've covered all the bases for SSI (true
serializable) mode, but it works fine for lesser isolation modes.
Joachim Wieland, reviewed by Marko Tiikkaja, and rather heavily modified
by Tom Lane
In general the data returned by an index-only scan should have the
datatypes originally computed by FormIndexDatum. If the index opclasses
use "storage" datatypes different from their input datatypes, the scan
tuple will not have the same rowtype attributed to the index; but we had
a hard-wired assumption that that was true in nodeIndexonlyscan.c. We'd
already hacked around the issue for the one case where the types are
different in btree indexes (btree name_ops), but this would definitely
come back to bite us if we ever implement index-only scans in GiST.
To fix, require the index AM to explicitly provide the tupdesc for the
tuple it is returning. btree can just pass back the index's tupdesc, but
GiST will have to work harder when and if it supports index-only scans.
I had previously proposed fixing this by allowing the index AM to fill the
scan tuple slot directly; but on reflection that seemed like a module
layering violation, since TupleTableSlots are creatures of the executor.
At least in the btree case, it would also be less efficient, since the
tuple deconstruction work would occur even for rows later found to be
invisible to the scan's snapshot.
Rearrange text to improve clarity, and add an example of implicit reference
to a plpgsql variable in a bound cursor's query. Byproduct of some work
I'd done on the "named cursor parameters" patch before giving up on it.
Add a column pg_class.relallvisible to remember the number of pages that
were all-visible according to the visibility map as of the last VACUUM
(or ANALYZE, or some other operations that update pg_class.relpages).
Use relallvisible/relpages, instead of an arbitrary constant, to estimate
how many heap page fetches can be avoided during an index-only scan.
This is pretty primitive and will no doubt see refinements once we've
acquired more field experience with the index-only scan mechanism, but
it's way better than using a constant.
Note: I had to adjust an underspecified query in the window.sql regression
test, because it was changing answers when the plan changed to use an
index-only scan. Some of the adjacent tests perhaps should be adjusted
as well, but I didn't do that here.
We have seen one too many reports of people trying to use 9.1 extension
files in the old-fashioned way of sourcing them in psql. Not only does
that usually not work (due to failure to substitute for MODULE_PATHNAME
and/or @extschema@), but if it did work they'd get a collection of loose
objects not an extension. To prevent this, insert an \echo ... \quit
line that prints a suitable error message into each extension script file,
and teach commands/extension.c to ignore lines starting with \echo.
That should not only prevent any adverse consequences of loading a script
file the wrong way, but make it crystal clear to users that they need to
do it differently now.
Tom Lane, following an idea of Andrew Dunstan's. Back-patch into 9.1
... there is not going to be much value in this if we wait till 9.2.
The documentation neglected to explain its behavior in a script file
(it only ends execution of the script, not psql as a whole), and failed
to mention the long form \quit either.
This might help to avoid confusion between the CREATE USER command,
and the deprecated CREATEUSER option to CREATE ROLE, as per a recent
complaint from Ron Adams. At any rate, having a cross-link here
seems like a good idea; two commands that are so similar should
reference each other.
We copy all the matched tuples off the page during _bt_readpage, instead of
expensively re-locking the page during each subsequent tuple fetch. This
costs a bit more local storage, but not more than 2*BLCKSZ worth, and the
reduction in LWLock traffic is certainly worth that. What's more, this
lets us get rid of the API wart in the original patch that said an index AM
could randomly decline to supply an index tuple despite having asserted
pg_am.amcanreturn. That will be important for future improvements in the
index-only-scan feature, since the executor will now be able to rely on
having the index data available.
When a btree index contains all columns required by the query, and the
visibility map shows that all tuples on a target heap page are
visible-to-all, we don't need to fetch that heap page. This patch depends
on the previous patches that made the visibility map reliable.
There's a fair amount left to do here, notably trying to figure out a less
chintzy way of estimating the cost of an index-only scan, but the core
functionality seems ready to commit.
Robert Haas and Ibrar Ahmed, with some previous work by Heikki Linnakangas.
This variable provides only marginal error-prevention capability (since
it can only check the prefix of a qualified GUC name), and the consensus
is that that isn't worth the amount of hassle that maintaining the setting
creates for DBAs. So, let's just remove it.
With this commit, the system will silently accept a value for any qualified
GUC name at all, whether it has anything to do with any known extension or
not. (Unqualified names still have to match known built-in settings,
though; and you will get a WARNING at extension load time if there's an
unrecognized setting with that extension's prefix.)
There's still some discussion ongoing about whether to tighten that up and
if so how; but if we do come up with a solution, it's not likely to look
anything like custom_variable_classes.
This patch has two distinct purposes: to report multiple problems in
postgresql.conf rather than always bailing out after the first one,
and to change the policy for whether changes are applied when there are
unrelated errors in postgresql.conf.
Formerly the policy was to apply no changes if any errors could be
detected, but that had a significant consistency problem, because in some
cases specific values might be seen as valid by some processes but invalid
by others. This meant that the latter processes would fail to adopt
changes in other parameters even though the former processes had done so.
The new policy is that during SIGHUP, the file is rejected as a whole
if there are any errors in the "name = value" syntax, or if any lines
attempt to set nonexistent built-in parameters, or if any lines attempt
to set custom parameters whose prefix is not listed in (the new value of)
custom_variable_classes. These tests should always give the same results
in all processes, and provide what seems a reasonably robust defense
against loading values from badly corrupted config files. If these tests
pass, all processes will apply all settings that they individually see as
good, ignoring (but logging) any they don't.
In addition, the postmaster does not abandon reading a configuration file
after the first syntax error, but continues to read the file and report
syntax errors (up to a maximum of 100 syntax errors per file).
The postmaster will still refuse to start up if the configuration file
contains any errors at startup time, but these changes allow multiple
errors to be detected and reported before quitting.
Alexey Klyukin, reviewed by Andy Colson and av (Alexander ?)
with some additional hacking by Tom Lane
We'll now use "exists" for EXISTS(SELECT ...), "array" for ARRAY(SELECT
...), or the sub-select's own result column name for a simple expression
sub-select. Previously, you usually got "?column?" in such cases.
Marti Raudsepp, reviewed by Kyotaro Horiugchi
pg_trgm was already doing this unofficially, but the implementation hadn't
been thought through very well and leaked memory. Restructure the core
GiST code so that it actually works, and document it. Ordinarily this
would have required an extra memory context creation/destruction for each
GiST index search, but I was able to avoid that in the normal case of a
non-rescanned search by finessing the handling of the RBTree. It used to
have its own context always, but now shares a context with the
scan-lifespan data structures, unless there is more than one rescan call.
This should make the added overhead unnoticeable in typical cases.
I've made a significant effort at filling in the "Using EXPLAIN" section
to be reasonably complete about mentioning everything that EXPLAIN can
output, including the "Rows Removed" outputs that were added by Marko
Tiikkaja's recent documentation-free patch. I also updated the examples to
be consistent with current behavior; several of them were not close to what
the current code will do. No doubt there's more that can be done here, but
I'm out of patience for today.
Because these tests require root privileges, not to mention invasive
changes to the security configuration of the host system, it's not
reasonable for them to be invoked by a regular "make check" or "make
installcheck". Instead, dike out the Makefile's knowledge of the tests,
and change chkselinuxenv (now renamed "test_sepgsql") into a script that
verifies the environment is workable and then runs the tests. It's
expected that test_sepgsql will only be run manually.
While at it, do some cleanup in the error checking in the script, and
do some wordsmithing in the documentation.
The keywords and values arguments of these functions are more properly
declared "const char * const *" than just "const char **".
Lionel Elie Mamane, reviewed by Craig Ringer
This mode still exists for backwards compatibility, making
sslmode=require the same as sslmode=verify-ca when the file is present,
but not causing an error when it isn't.
Per bug 6189, reported by Srinivas Aji
This is implemented as a per-column boolean option, rather than trying
to match COPY's convention of a single option listing the column names.
Shigeru Hanada, reviewed by KaiGai Kohei
Rewrite plancache.c so that a "cached plan" (which is rather a misnomer
at this point) can support generation of custom, parameter-value-dependent
plans, and can make an intelligent choice between using custom plans and
the traditional generic-plan approach. The specific choice algorithm
implemented here can probably be improved in future, but this commit is
all about getting the mechanism in place, not the policy.
In addition, restructure the API to greatly reduce the amount of extraneous
data copying needed. The main compromise needed to make that possible was
to split the initial creation of a CachedPlanSource into two steps. It's
worth noting in particular that SPI_saveplan is now deprecated in favor of
SPI_keepplan, which accomplishes the same end result with zero data
copying, and no need to then spend even more cycles throwing away the
original SPIPlan. The risk of long-term memory leaks while manipulating
SPIPlans has also been greatly reduced. Most of this improvement is based
on use of the recently-added MemoryContextSetParent primitive.
BREAKAGE.
Remove double-quoting of index/table names in reindexdb. BACKWARD
COMPABILITY BREAKAGE.
Document thate user/database names are preserved with double-quoting by
command-line tools like vacuumdb.
We were doing some amazingly complicated things in order to avoid running
the very expensive identify_system_timezone() procedure during GUC
initialization. But there is an obvious fix for that, which is to do it
once during initdb and have initdb install the system-specific default into
postgresql.conf, as it already does for most other GUC variables that need
system-environment-dependent defaults. This means that the timezone (and
log_timezone) settings no longer have any magic behavior in the server.
Per discussion.
As per my recent proposal, this refactors things so that these typedefs and
macros are available in a header that can be included in frontend-ish code.
I also changed various headers that were undesirably including
utils/timestamp.h to include datatype/timestamp.h instead. Unsurprisingly,
this showed that half the system was getting utils/timestamp.h by way of
xlog.h.
No actual code changes here, just header refactoring.
When building a GiST index that doesn't fit in cache, buffers are attached
to some internal nodes in the index. This speeds up the build by avoiding
random I/O that would otherwise be needed to traverse all the way down the
tree to the find right leaf page for tuple.
Alexander Korotkov
We've now seen more than one gripe from somebody who didn't get the memo
about how to install contrib modules in 9.1. Try to make it a little more
prominent that you aren't supposed to call the scripts directly anymore.
This example wasn't updated when we changed the behavior of bpcharlen()
in 8.0, nor when we changed the number of parameters taken by the bpchar()
cast function in 7.3. Per report from lsliang.
These changes allow backtick command evaluation and psql variable
interpolation to happen on substrings of a single meta-command argument.
Formerly, no such evaluations happened at all if the backtick or colon
wasn't the first character of the argument, and we considered an argument
completed as soon as we'd processed one backtick, variable reference, or
quoted substring. A string like 'FOO'BAR was thus taken as two arguments
not one, not exactly what one would expect. In the new coding, an argument
is considered terminated only by unquoted whitespace or backslash.
Also, clean up a bunch of omissions, infelicities and outright errors in
the psql documentation of variables and metacommand argument syntax.
The previous coding resulted in contrib modules unintentionally overriding
the use of CONTRIB_TESTDB. There seems no particularly good reason to
allow that (after all, the makefile can set CONTRIB_TESTDB if that's really
what it intends).
In passing, document REGRESS_OPTS where the other pgxs.mk options are
documented.
Back-patch to 9.1 --- in prior versions, there were no cases of contrib
modules setting REGRESS_OPTS without including the --dbname switch, so
while the coding was fragile there was no actual bug.
Instead of displaying comments on an arbitrary subset of the object
types which support them, make \dd display comments on exactly those
object types which don't have their own backlash commands. We now
regard the display of comments as properly the job of the relevant
backslash command (though many of them do so only in verbose mode)
rather than something that \dd should be responsible for. However,
a handful of object types have no backlash command, so make \dd
give information about those.
Josh Kupershmidt
The latch infrastructure is now capable of detecting all cases where the
walsender loop needs to wake up, so there is no reason to have an arbitrary
timeout.
Also, modify the walsender loop logic to follow the standard pattern of
ResetLatch, test for work to do, WaitLatch. The previous coding was both
hard to follow and buggy: it would sometimes busy-loop despite having
nothing available to do, eg between receipt of a signal and the next time
it was caught up with new WAL, and it also had interesting choices like
deciding to update to WALSNDSTATE_STREAMING on the strength of information
known to be obsolete.
The relevant backslash commands already exist, so we're just adding an
additional column. With this commit, all objects that have psql backslash
commands and accept comments should now display those comments at least
in verbose mode.
Josh Kupershmidt, with doc additions by me.
\dc and \dD now accept a "+" option, which will cause the comments to
be displayed. Along the way, correct a few oversights in the previous
commit in this area, 3b17efdfdd - namely,
(1) when \dL+ is used, make description still be the last column, for
consistency with what we've done elsewhere; and (2) document the
difference between \dC and \dC+.
Josh Kupershmidt, with a couple of doc changes by me.
Also, handle failure better: don't just blindly keep trying to delete
stuff after the transaction has already failed.
Tim Lewis, reviewed by Josh Kupershmidt, with further hacking by me.
There is what may actually be a mistake in our markup. The problem is
in a situation like
<para>
<command>FOO</command> is ...
there is strictly speaking a line break before "FOO". In the HTML
output, this does not appear to be a problem, but in the man page
output, this shows up, so you get double blank lines at odd places.
So far, we have attempted to work around this with an XSL hack, but
that causes other problems, such as creating run-ins in places like
<acronym>SQL</acronym> <command>COPY</command>
So fix the problem properly by removing the extra whitespace. I only
fixed the problems that affect the man page output, not all the
places.
Somebody added a cross-reference to shared_preload_libraries, but wrote the
wrong variable name when they did it (and didn't bother to make it a link
either).
Spotted by Christoph Anton Mitterer.
The output of \dL (list languages) is fairly narrow, so we just always
display the comment. \dC (list casts) can get fairly wide, so we only
display comments if the new \dC+ option is specified.
Josh Kupershmidt
Also change "switch" to "arg" because "switch" is a bit of a sloppy
term. So the environment variable is called
PSQL_EDITOR_LINENUMBER_ARG. Set "+" as hardcoded default value on
Unix (since "vi" is the hardcoded default editor), so many users won't
have to configure this at all. Move the documentation around a bit to
centralize the editor configuration under environment variables,
rather than repeating bits of it under every backslash command that
invokes an editor.
Previously, xpath() simply returned an empty array if the expression did
not yield a node set. This is useless for expressions that return scalars,
such as one with name() at the top level. Arrange to return the scalar
value as a single-element xml array, instead. (String values will be
suitably escaped.)
This change will also cause xpath_exists() to return true, not false,
for such expressions.
Florian Pflug, reviewed by Radoslaw Smogura
This requires a new shared catalog, pg_shseclabel.
Along the way, fix the security_label regression tests so that they
don't monkey with the labels of any pre-existing objects. This is
unlikely to matter in practice, since only the label for the "dummy"
provider was being manipulated. But this way still seems cleaner.
KaiGai Kohei, with fairly extensive hacking by me.
Standby servers can now have WALSender processes, which can work with
either WALReceiver or archive_commands to pass data. Fully updated
docs, including new conceptual terms of sending server, upstream and
downstream servers. WALSenders terminated when promote to master.
Fujii Masao, review, rework and doc rewrite by Simon Riggs
This is more SQL-spec-compliant, more easily extensible, and better
performing than the old method of inventing special variables.
Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Shigeru Hanada and David Wheeler
When an AccessShareLock, RowShareLock, or RowExclusiveLock is requested
on an unshared database relation, and we can verify that no conflicting
locks can possibly be present, record the lock in a per-backend queue,
stored within the PGPROC, rather than in the primary lock table. This
eliminates a great deal of contention on the lock manager LWLocks.
This patch also refactors the interface between GetLockStatusData() and
pg_lock_status() to be a bit more abstract, so that we don't rely so
heavily on the lock manager's internal representation details. The new
fast path lock structures don't have a LOCK or PROCLOCK structure to
return, so we mustn't depend on that for purposes of listing outstanding
locks.
Review by Jeff Davis.
We already have similar functions for many other object types, including
operator classes, so it seems like we should have this one, too.
Extracted from a larger patch by Josh Kupershmidt
This function supports untranslated detail messages, in the same way that
errmsg_internal supports untranslated primary messages. We've needed this
for some time IMO, but discussion of some cases in the SSI code provided
the impetus to actually add it.
Kevin Grittner, with minor adjustments by me
The commit action of temporary tables is currently not cataloged, so
we can't easily show it. The previous value was outdated from before
we had different commit actions.
The fields were previously wrongly typed as character_data; change to
cardinal_number. Update the documentation and the implementation to
show more clearly that this applies to a feature not available in
PostgreSQL, rather than just not yet being implemented in the
information schema.
In the example for decode(), show the bytea result in hex format,
since that's now the default. Use an E'' string in the example for
quote_literal(), so that it works regardless of the
standard_conforming_strings setting. On the functions-for-binary-strings
page, leave the examples as-is for readability, but add a note pointing out
that they are shown in escape format. Per comments from Thom Brown.
Also, improve the description for encode() and decode() a tad.
Backpatch to 9.0, where bytea_output was introduced.
Per discussion, this structure seems more understandable than what was
there before. Make config.sgml and postgresql.conf.sample agree.
In passing do a bit of editorial work on the variable descriptions.
\ir is short for "include relative"; when used from a script, the
supplied pathname will be interpreted relative to the input file,
rather than to the current working directory.
Gurjeet Singh, reviewed by Josh Kupershmidt, with substantial further
cleanup by me.
As noted by Laurenz Albe, our SGML tools deal rather oddly with chapters
having just one <sect1>. Perhaps the tooling could be fixed, but really
the design of this chapter's introduction is pretty bogus anyhow. Split
it into a true introduction and a <sect1> about the FDW functions, so
that it reads better and dodges the lack-of-a-chapter-TOC problem.
postmaster.log", or nohup.
There was a small issue with LINUX_OOM_ADJ and silent_mode, namely that with
silent_mode the postmaster process incorrectly used the OOM settings meant
for backend processes. We certainly could've fixed that directly, but since
silent_mode was redundant anyway, we might as well just remove it.
Somehow, column rolconfig got removed from the documentation of the
pg_roles view in the 9.0 cycle, although the column is actually still
there. In 9.1, we'd also forgotten to document the rolreplication column.
Spotted by Sakamoto Masahiko.
This means that they can initially be added to a large existing table
without checking its initial contents, but new tuples must comply to
them; a separate pass invoked by ALTER TABLE / VALIDATE can verify
existing data and ensure it complies with the constraint, at which point
it is marked validated and becomes a normal part of the table ecosystem.
An non-validated CHECK constraint is ignored in the planner for
constraint_exclusion purposes; when validated, cached plans are
recomputed so that partitioning starts working right away.
This patch also enables domains to have unvalidated CHECK constraints
attached to them as well by way of ALTER DOMAIN / ADD CONSTRAINT / NOT
VALID, which can later be validated with ALTER DOMAIN / VALIDATE
CONSTRAINT.
Thanks to Thom Brown, Dean Rasheed and Jaime Casanova for the various
reviews, and Robert Hass for documentation wording improvement
suggestions.
This patch was sponsored by Enova Financial.
Fill in the collation columns of the views attributes, columns,
domains, and element_types. Also update collation information in
sql_implementation_info.
Explain that querying pg_locks does not simultaneously lock both the
normal lock manager and the predicate lock manager.
Per discussion with Kevin Grittner.
This is just like serial and bigserial, except it generates an int2
column rather than int4 or int8.
Mike Pultz, reviewed by Brar Piening and Josh Kupershmidt
This allows deadlock_timeout to be reduced for transactions that are
particularly likely to be involved in a deadlock, thus detecting it
more quickly. It is also potentially useful as a poor-man's deadlock
priority mechanism: a transaction with a high deadlock_timeout is less
likely to be chosen as the victim than one with a low
deadlock_timeout. Since that could be used to game the system, we
make this PGC_SUSET rather than PGC_USERSET.
At some point, it might be worth thinking about a more explicit
priority mechanism, since using this is far from fool-proof. But
let's see whether there's enough use case to justify the additional
work before we go down that route.
Noah Misch, reviewed by Shigeru Hanada
Initially, we use this only to eliminate calls to the varchar()
function in cases where the length is not being reduced and, therefore,
the function call is equivalent to a RelabelType operation. The most
significant effect of this is that we can avoid a table rewrite when
changing a varchar(X) column to a varchar(Y) column, where Y > X.
Noah Misch, reviewed by me and Alexey Klyukin
The release notes may contain non-ASCII characters (for contributor
names), which lynx converts to the encoding determined by the current
locale. The get output that is deterministic and easily readable by
everyone, we make lynx produce LATIN1 and then convert that to ASCII
with transliteration for the non-ASCII characters.
This is a dangerous example to provide because on machines with GNU cp,
it will silently do the wrong thing and risk archive corruption. Worse,
during the 9.0 cycle somebody "improved" the discussion by removing the
warning that used to be there about that, and instead leaving the
impression that the command would work as desired on most Unixen.
It doesn't. Try to rectify the damage by providing an example that is safe
most everywhere, and then noting that you can try cp -i if you want but
you'd better test that.
In back-patching this to all supported branches, I also added an example
command for Windows, which wasn't provided before 9.0.
The initial commit of the ALTER TABLE ADD FOREIGN KEY NOT VALID feature
failed to support labeling such constraints as deferrable. The best fix
for this seems to be to fold NOT VALID into ConstraintAttributeSpec.
That's a bit more general than the documented syntax, but it allows
better-targeted syntax error messages.
In addition, do some mostly-but-not-entirely-cosmetic code review for
the whole NOT VALID patch.
... when talking about how good they are in replacement of bulk DELETE
in partitioned setups.
The original wording was a bit confusing.
Per an observation from David Wheeler.
The previous wording wasn't explicit enough, which could misled readers
into thinking that the locks acquired are more restricted in nature than
they really are. The resulting optimism can be damaging to morale when
confronted with reality, as has been observed in the field.
Greg Smith
This is more consistent with what we do elsewhere, and hopefully avoids
creating the perception that current_schemas takes no arguments.
As suggested by Brendan Jurd
The documentation of the columns collection_type_identifier and
dtd_identifier was wrong. This effectively reverts commits
8e1ccad519 and
57352df66d and updates the name
array_type_identifier (the name in SQL:1999) to
collection_type_identifier.
closes bug #5926
This is an ugly hack to get around the fact that significant parts of the
core backend assume they don't need to worry about passing collation to
equality and hashing functions. That's true for the core string datatypes,
but citext should ideally have equality behavior that depends on the
specified collation's LC_CTYPE. However, there's no chance of fixing the
core before 9.2, so we'll have to live with this compromise arrangement for
now. Per bug #6053 from Regina Obe.
The code changes in this commit should be reverted in full once the core
code is up to speed, but be careful about reverting the docs changes:
I fixed a number of obsolete statements while at it.
Since start/stop/restart/reload/status is a kind of standard command
set, it seems odd to insert the special-purpose "promote" in between
the closely related "restart" and "reload". So put it after "status"
in code and documentation.
Put the documentation of the -U option in some sensible place.
Rewrite the synopsis sentence in help and documentation to make it
less of a growing mouthful.
This is the original DocBook SGML limit, but apparently most
installations have changed it or ignore it, which is why few people
have run into this problem.
pointed out by Brendan Jurd
Apparently sane-looking penalty code might return small negative values,
for example because of roundoff error. This will confuse places like
gistchoose(). Prevent problems by clamping negative penalty values to
zero. (Just to be really sure, I also made it force NaNs to zero.)
Back-patch to all supported branches.
Alexander Korotkov
It turns out the reason we hadn't found out about the portability issues
with our credential-control-message code is that almost no modern platforms
use that code at all; the ones that used to need it now offer getpeereid(),
which we choose first. The last holdout was NetBSD, and they added
getpeereid() as of 5.0. So far as I can tell, the only live platform on
which that code was being exercised was Debian/kFreeBSD, ie, FreeBSD kernel
with Linux userland --- since glibc doesn't provide getpeereid(), we fell
back to the control message code. However, the FreeBSD kernel provides a
LOCAL_PEERCRED socket parameter that's functionally equivalent to Linux's
SO_PEERCRED. That is both much simpler to use than control messages, and
superior because it doesn't require receiving a message from the other end
at just the right time.
Therefore, add code to use LOCAL_PEERCRED when necessary, and rip out all
the credential-control-message code in the backend. (libpq still has such
code so that it can still talk to pre-9.1 servers ... but eventually we can
get rid of it there too.) Clean up related autoconf probes, too.
This means that libpq's requirepeer parameter now works on exactly the same
platforms where the backend supports peer authentication, so adjust the
documentation accordingly.
We only support up to version 7.0, so don't recommend
upgrading past it. The rest of the documentation around this
was already updated, but one spot was missed.
For the --help output and reference pages of pg_dump, pg_dumpall,
pg_restore, put the options in some consistent, mostly alphabetical,
and consistent order, rather than newest option last or something like
that.
This commit fixes psql, pg_dump, and the information schema to be
consistent with the backend changes which I made as part of commit
be90032e0d, and also includes a
related documentation tweak.
Shigeru Hanada, with slight adjustment.
The recent cleanup of GUC assign hooks got rid of the kludge of using
"unknown" as a magic value for timezone and log_timezone. But I forgot
to update the documentation to match, as noted by Martin Pitt.
Per gripe from Grzegorz Szpetkowski.
Also, change the subsection heading from "Lexical Precedence" (which is
a contradiction in terms) to "Operator Precedence".
Also remove the material about this being an alpha release.
The notes still need a lot of work, but they're more or less presentable
as a beta version now.
There was already one recommendation in the documentation about writing
C functions to ensure padding bytes are zeroes, but make it stronger.
Also fix an example that was still using direct assignment to a varlena
length word, which no longer works since the varvarlena changes.
Instead, foreign tables are treated just like views: permissions can
be granted using GRANT privilege ON [TABLE] foreign_table_name TO role,
and revoked similarly. GRANT/REVOKE .. FOREIGN TABLE is no longer
supported, just as we don't support GRANT/REVOKE .. VIEW. The set of
accepted permissions for foreign tables is now identical to the set for
regular tables, and views.
Per report from Thom Brown, and subsequent discussion.
Strip leading and trailing whitespace and replace interior whitespace
by a single space. This avoids problems with the index generator
producing duplicate index entries for terms that differ only in
whitespace.
Commit dca30da343 actually fixed all the
indexterm elements that would cause this problem at the moment, but in
case it sneaks in again, we're set.
This test should now work in any database with UTF8 encoding, regardless
of the database's default locale. The former restriction was really
"doesn't work if default locale is C", and that was because of not handling
mbstowcs/wcstombs correctly.
This patch is almost entirely cosmetic --- mostly cleaning up a lot of
neglected comments, and fixing code layout problems in places where the
patch made lines too long and then pgindent did weird things with that.
I did find a bug-of-omission in equalTupleDescs().
This syntax allows a standalone table to be made into a typed table,
or a typed table to be made standalone. This is possibly a mildly
useful feature in its own right, but the real motivation for this
change is that we need it to make pg_upgrade work with typed tables.
This doesn't actually fix that problem, but it's necessary
infrastructure.
Noah Misch
This allows the usual rules for assigning a collation to a local variable
to be overridden. Per discussion, it seems appropriate to support this
rather than forcing all local variables to have the argument-derived
collation.
This involves getting the character classification and case-folding
functions in the regex library to use the collations infrastructure.
Most of this work had been done already in connection with the upper/lower
and LIKE logic, so it was a simple matter of transposition.
While at it, split out these functions into a separate source file
regc_pg_locale.c, so that they can be correctly labeled with the Postgres
project's license rather than the Scriptics license. These functions are
100% Postgres-written code whereas what remains in regc_locale.c is still
mostly not ours, so lumping them both under the same copyright notice was
getting more and more misleading.
"Unusable" collations are those not matching the current database's
encoding. The former behavior inconsistently showed such collations
some of the time, depending on the details of the pattern argument.
As noted by Thom Brown, this confuses the DocBook index processor; it
fails to merge entries that differ only in whitespace, and sorts them
unexpectedly as well. Seems like a toolchain bug, but I'm not going to
hold my breath waiting for a fix.
Note: easiest way to find these is to look for double spaces in HTML.index.
Per a discussion with Gavin Flower. This barely scratches the surface
of potential WITH (something RETURNING) use cases, of course, but it's
one of the simplest compelling examples I can think of.
This means one less thing to configure when setting up synchronous
replication, and also avoids some ambiguity around what the behavior
should be when the settings of these variables conflict.
Fujii Masao, with additional hacking by me.
This mostly involves making it work with the objectaddress.c framework,
which does most of the heavy lifting. In that vein, change
GetForeignDataWrapperOidByName to get_foreign_data_wrapper_oid and
GetForeignServerOidByName to get_foreign_server_oid, to match the
pattern we use for other object types.
Robert Haas and Shigeru Hanada
than replication_timeout (a new GUC) milliseconds. The TCP timeout is often
too long, you want the master to notice a dead connection much sooner.
People complained about that in 9.0 too, but with synchronous replication
it's even more important to notice dead connections promptly.
Fujii Masao and Heikki Linnakangas
This can do various source code checks that are not appropriate for
either the build or the regression tests. Currently: duplicate_oids,
SGML syntax and tabs check, NLS syntax check.
Add some new items and some additional details to existing items, mostly
by cribbing from the 9.1alpha notes. Some additional clarifications and
corrections elsewhere, and a few typo fixes.
On closer inspection, that two-element initcond value seems to have been
a little white lie to avoid explaining the full behavior of float8_accum.
But if people are going to expect the examples to be exactly correct,
I suppose we'd better explain. Per comment from Thom Brown.
Install just one instance of the "C" and "POSIX" collations into
pg_collation, rather than one per encoding. Make these instances exist
and do something useful even in machines without locale_t support: to wit,
it's now possible to force comparisons and case-folding functions to use C
locale in an otherwise non-C database, whether or not the platform has
support for using any additional collations.
Fix up severely broken upper/lower/initcap functions, too: the C/POSIX
fastpath now does what it is supposed to, and non-default collations are
handled correctly in single-byte database encodings.
Merge the two separate collation hashtables that were being maintained in
pg_locale.c, and be more wary of the possibility that we fail partway
through filling a cache entry.
This removes an overloading of two authentication options where
one is very secure (peer) and one is often insecure (ident). Peer
is also the name used in libpq from 9.1 to specify the same type
of authentication.
Also make initdb select peer for local connections when ident is
chosen, and ident for TCP connections when peer is chosen.
ident keyword in pg_hba.conf is still accepted and maps to peer
authentication.
1. Don't ignore query cancel interrupts. Instead, if the user asks to
cancel the query after we've already committed it, but before it's on
the standby, just emit a warning and let the COMMIT finish.
2. Don't ignore die interrupts (pg_terminate_backend or fast shutdown).
Instead, emit a warning message and close the connection without
acknowledging the commit. Other backends will still see the effect of
the commit, but there's no getting around that; it's too late to abort
at this point, and ignoring die interrupts altogether doesn't seem like
a good idea.
3. If synchronous_standby_names becomes empty, wake up all backends
waiting for synchronous replication to complete. Without this, someone
attempting to shut synchronous replication off could easily wedge the
entire system instead.
4. Avoid depending on the assumption that if a walsender updates
MyProc->syncRepState, we'll see the change even if we read it without
holding the lock. The window for this appears to be quite narrow (and
probably doesn't exist at all on machines with strong memory ordering)
but protecting against it is practically free, so do that.
5. Remove useless state SYNC_REP_MUST_DISCONNECT, which isn't needed and
doesn't actually do anything.
There's still some further work needed here to make the behavior of fast
shutdown plausible, but that looks complex, so I'm leaving it for a
separate commit. Review by Fujii Masao.
- Make the name of the ID tag for the GUC entry match the GUC name.
- Clarify that synchronous_replication waits for xlog flush, not receipt.
- Mention that synchronous_replication won't wait if max_wal_senders=0.
Use collencoding = -1 to represent such a collation in pg_collation.
We need this to make the "default" entry work sanely, and a later
patch will fix the C/POSIX entries to be represented this way instead
of duplicating them across all encodings. All lookup operations now
search first for an entry that's database-encoding-specific, and then
for the same name with collencoding = -1.
Also some incidental code cleanup in collationcmds.c and pg_collation.c.
Removes extraneous closing parenthesis from pg_describe_object
Puts pg_describe_object and has_sequence_privilege in correct
alphabetical position in function listing
Thom Brown
Including collation in the behavior of that function promotes a world view
we do not want. Moreover, it was producing the wrong behavior for pg_dump
anyway: what we want is to dump a COLLATE clause on attributes whose
attcollation is different from the underlying type, and likewise for
domains, and the function cannot do that for us. Doing it the hard way
in pg_dump is a bit more tedious but produces more correct output.
In passing, fix initdb so that the initial entry in pg_collation is
properly pinned. It was droppable before :-(
The initial collations patch treated a COLLATE spec as part of a TypeName,
following what can only be described as brain fade on the part of the SQL
committee. It's a lot more reasonable to treat COLLATE as a syntactically
separate object, so that it can be added in only the productions where it
actually belongs, rather than needing to reject it in a boatload of places
where it doesn't belong (something the original patch mostly failed to do).
In addition this change lets us meet the spec's requirement to allow
COLLATE anywhere in the clauses of a ColumnDef, and it avoids unfriendly
behavior for constructs such as "foo::type COLLATE collation".
To do this, pull collation information out of TypeName and put it in
ColumnDef instead, thus reverting most of the collation-related changes in
parse_type.c's API. I made one additional structural change, which was to
use a ColumnDef as an intermediate node in AT_AlterColumnType AlterTableCmd
nodes. This provides enough room to get rid of the "transform" wart in
AlterTableCmd too, since the ColumnDef can carry the USING expression
easily enough.
Also fix some other minor bugs that have crept in in the same areas,
like failure to copy recently-added fields of ColumnDef in copyfuncs.c.
While at it, document the formerly secret ability to specify a collation
in ALTER TABLE ALTER COLUMN TYPE, ALTER TYPE ADD ATTRIBUTE, and
ALTER TYPE ALTER ATTRIBUTE TYPE; and correct some misstatements about
what the default collation selection will be when COLLATE is omitted.
BTW, the three-parameter form of format_type() should go away too,
since it just contributes to the confusion in this area; but I'll do
that in a separate patch.
Formerly, any member of a role could change the role's comment, as of
course could superusers; but holders of CREATEROLE privilege could not,
unless they were also members. This led to the odd situation that a
CREATEROLE holder could create a role but then could not comment on it.
It also seems a bit dubious to let an unprivileged user change his own
comment, let alone those of group roles he belongs to. So, change the
rule to be "you must be superuser to comment on a superuser role, or
hold CREATEROLE to comment on non-superuser roles". This is the same
as the privilege check for creating/dropping roles, and thus fits much
better with the rule for other object types, namely that only the owner
of an object can comment on it.
In passing, clean up the documentation for COMMENT a little bit.
Per complaint from Owen Jacobson and subsequent discussion.
periodically rescan the archive for new timelines, while waiting for new WAL
segments to arrive. This allows you to set up a standby server that follows
the TLI change if another standby server is promoted to master. Before this,
you had to restart the standby server to make it notice the new timeline.
This patch only scans the archive for TLI changes, it won't follow a TLI
change in streaming replication. That is much needed too, but it would be a
much bigger patch than I dare to sneak in this late in the release cycle.
There was discussion on improving the sanity checking of the WAL segments so
that the system would notice more reliably if the new timeline isn't an
ancestor of the current one, but that is not included in this patch.
Reviewed by Fujii Masao.
If a standby is broadcasting reply messages and we have named
one or more standbys in synchronous_standby_names then allow
users who set synchronous_replication to wait for commit, which
then provides strict data integrity guarantees. Design avoids
sending and receiving transaction state information so minimises
bookkeeping overheads. We synchronize with the highest priority
standby that is connected and ready to synchronize. Other standbys
can be defined to takeover in case of standby failure.
This version has very strict behaviour; more relaxed options
may be added at a later date.
Simon Riggs and Fujii Masao, with reviews by Yeb Havinga, Jaime
Casanova, Heikki Linnakangas and Robert Haas, plus the assistance
of many other design reviewers.
The original scheme for this was to symlink plpython.$DLSUFFIX to
plpython2.$DLSUFFIX, but that doesn't work on Windows, and only
accidentally failed to fail because of the way that CREATE LANGUAGE created
or didn't create new C functions. My changes of yesterday exposed the
weakness of that approach. To fix, get rid of the symlink and make
pg_pltemplate show what's really going on.
In createlang this is a one-line change. In droplang there's a whole
lot of cruft that can be discarded since the extension mechanism now
manages removal of the language's support functions.
Also, add deprecation notices to these two programs' reference pages,
since per discussion we may toss them overboard altogether in a release
or two.
Remove the unconditional superuser permissions check in CREATE EXTENSION,
and instead define a "superuser" extension property, which when false
(not the default) skips the superuser permissions check. In this case
the calling user only needs enough permissions to execute the commands
in the extension's installation script. The superuser property is also
enforced in the same way for ALTER EXTENSION UPDATE cases.
In other ALTER EXTENSION cases and DROP EXTENSION, test ownership of
the extension rather than superuserness. ALTER EXTENSION ADD/DROP needs
to insist on ownership of the target object as well; to do that without
duplicating code, refactor comment.c's big switch for permissions checks
into a separate function in objectaddress.c.
I also removed the superuserness checks in pg_available_extensions and
related functions; there's no strong reason why everybody shouldn't
be able to see that info.
Also invent an IF NOT EXISTS variant of CREATE EXTENSION, and use that
in pg_dump, so that dumps won't fail for installed-by-default extensions.
We don't have any of those yet, but we will soon.
This is all per discussion of wrapping the standard procedural languages
into extensions. I'll make those changes in a separate commit; this is
just putting the core infrastructure in place.
The grammar requires a specific ordering of the clauses, but the
documentation showed a different order. This error was introduced in
commit b47953f9c6, which merged the CREATE
CONSTRAINT TRIGGER documentation into the CREATE TRIGGER page. There is
no code bug AFAICS.
Time spent executing AFTER triggers is not included in the runtime of the
associated ModifyTable node; in my patch of yesterday I confused queuing of
these triggers with their actual execution. Spotted by Marko Tiikkaja.
it a lot more useful for determining which standby is most up-to-date,
for example. There was long discussions on whether overwriting existing
existing WAL makes sense to begin with, and whether we should do some more
extensive variable renaming, but this change nevertheless seems quite
uncontroversial.
Fujii Masao, reviewed by Jeff Janes, Robert Haas, Stephen Frost.
Without this patch, when wal_receiver_status_interval=0, indicating that no
status messages should be sent, Hot Standby feedback messages are instead sent
extremely frequently.
Fujii Masao, with documentation changes by me.
This provides a separate exception class for each error code that the
backend defines, as well as the ability to get the SQLSTATE from the
exception object.
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Steve Singer
Adds a context manager, obtainable by plpy.subtransaction(), to run a
group of statements in a subtransaction.
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Steve Singer, additional scribbling by me
This allows functions with multiple OUT parameters returning both one
or multiple records (RECORD or SETOF RECORD).
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Hitoshi Harada
Emit a log message when creating a named restore point, and improve
documentation for pg_create_restore_point().
Euler Taveira de Oliveira, per suggestions from Thom Brown, with some
additional wordsmithing by me.
Add functions plpy.quote_ident, plpy.quote_literal,
plpy.quote_nullable, which wrap the equivalent SQL functions.
To be able to propagate char * constness properly, make the argument
of quote_literal_cstr() const char *. This also makes it more
consistent with quote_identifier().
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Hitoshi Harada, some refinements by Peter
Eisentraut
"SELECT ... INTO UNLOGGED tabname" works, but wasn't documented; CREATE
UNLOGGED SEQUENCE and CREATE UNLOGGED VIEW failed an assertion, instead
of throwing a sensible error.
Latter issue reported by Itagaki Takahiro; patch review by Tom Lane.
File encodings can be specified separately from client encoding.
If not specified, client encoding is used for backward compatibility.
Cases when the encoding doesn't match client encoding are slower
than matched cases because we don't have conversion procs for other
encodings. Performance improvement would be be a future work.
Original patch by Hitoshi Harada, and modified by me.
This is both very useful in its own right, and an important test case
for the core FDW support.
This commit includes a small refactoring of copy.c to expose its option
checking code as a separately callable function. The original patch
submission duplicated hundreds of lines of that code, which seemed pretty
unmaintainable.
Shigeru Hanada, reviewed by Itagaki Takahiro and Tom Lane
This commit provides the core code and documentation needed. A contrib
module test case will follow shortly.
Shigeru Hanada, Jan Urbanski, Heikki Linnakangas
Add a new libpq connection option client_encoding (which includes the
existing PGCLIENTENCODING environment variable), which besides an
encoding name accepts a special value "auto" that tries to determine
the encoding from the locale in the client's environment, using the
mechanisms that have been in use in initdb.
psql sets this new connection option to "auto" when running from a
terminal and not overridden by setting PGCLIENTENCODING.
original code by Heikki Linnakangas, with subsequent contributions by
Jaime Casanova, Peter Eisentraut, Stephen Frost, Ibrar Ahmed
Add a fdwhandler column to pg_foreign_data_wrapper, plus HANDLER options
in the CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER and ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER commands,
plus pg_dump support for same. Also invent a new pseudotype fdw_handler
with properties similar to language_handler.
This is split out of the "FDW API" patch for ease of review; it's all stuff
we will certainly need, regardless of any other details of the FDW API.
FDW handler functions will not actually get called yet.
In passing, fix some omissions and infelicities in foreigncmds.c.
Shigeru Hanada, Jan Urbanski, Heikki Linnakangas
They share the same locking namespace with the existing session-level
advisory locks, but they are automatically released at the end of the
current transaction and cannot be released explicitly via unlock
functions.
Marko Tiikkaja, reviewed by me.
More generally, arrays are turned in Perl array references, and row and
composite types are turned into Perl hash references. This is done
recursively, in a way that's natural to every Perl programmer.
To avoid a backwards compatibility hit, the string representation of
each structure is also available if the function requests it.
Authors: Alexey Klyukin and Alex Hunsaker.
Some code cleanups by me.
Standby optionally sends back information about oldestXmin of queries
which is then checked and applied to the WALSender's proc->xmin.
GetOldestXmin() is modified slightly to agree with GetSnapshotData(),
so that all backends on primary include WALSender within their snapshots.
Note this does nothing to change the snapshot xmin on either master or
standby. Feedback piggybacks on the standby reply message.
vacuum_defer_cleanup_age is no longer used on standby, though parameter
still exists on primary, since some use cases still exist.
Simon Riggs, review comments from Fujii Masao, Heikki Linnakangas, Robert Haas
(I'm not entirely sure that we've finished bikeshedding the syntax details,
but the functionality seems OK.)
Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Stephen Frost and Tom Lane
The original design of pg_available_extensions did not consider the
possibility of version-specific control files. Split it into two views:
pg_available_extensions shows information that is generic about an
extension, while pg_available_extension_versions shows all available
versions together with information that could be version-dependent.
Also, add an SRF pg_extension_update_paths() to assist in checking that
a collection of update scripts provide sane update path sequences.
This allows us to have an unambiguous rule for deconstructing the names
of script files and secondary control files, without having to forbid
extension and version names from containing any dashes. We do have to
forbid them from containing double dashes or leading/trailing dashes,
but neither restriction is likely to bother anyone in practice.
Per discussion, this seems like a better solution overall than the
original design.
format.
Modify PQescapeStringConn() docs to be consisent with other escaping
functions.
Add mention problems with pre-9.0 versions of libpq using not understanding
bytea hex format to the 9.0 release notes.
Backpatch to 9.0 docs.
This change causes a multi-step update sequence to behave exactly as if the
updates had been commanded one at a time, including updating the "requires"
dependencies afresh at each step. The initial implementation took the
shortcut of examining only the final target version's "requires" and
changing the catalog entry but once. But on reflection that's a bad idea,
since it could lead to executing old update scripts under conditions
different than they were designed/tested for. Better to expend a few extra
cycles and avoid any surprises.
In the same spirit, if a CREATE EXTENSION FROM operation involves applying
a series of update files, it will act as though the CREATE had first been
done using the initial script's target version and then the additional
scripts were invoked with ALTER EXTENSION UPDATE.
I also removed the restriction about not changing encoding in secondary
control files. The new rule is that a script is assumed to be in whatever
encoding the control file(s) specify for its target version. Since this
reimplementation causes us to read each intermediate version's control
file, there's no longer any uncertainty about which encoding setting would
get applied.
- collowner field
- CREATE COLLATION
- ALTER COLLATION
- DROP COLLATION
- COMMENT ON COLLATION
- integration with extensions
- pg_dump support for the above
- dependency management
- psql tab completion
- psql \dO command
When the old type is binary coercible to the new type and the using
clause does not change the column contents, we can avoid a full table
rewrite, though any indexes on the affected columns will still need
to be rebuilt. This applies, for example, when changing a varchar
column to be of type text.
The prior coding assumed that the set of operations that force a
rewrite is identical to the set of operations that must be propagated
to tables making use of the affected table's rowtype. This is
no longer true: even though the tuples in those tables wouldn't
need to be modified, the data type change invalidate indexes built
using those composite type columns. Indexes on the table we're
actually modifying can be invalidated too, of course, but the
existing machinery is sufficient to handle that case.
Along the way, add some debugging messages that make it possible
to understand what operations ALTER TABLE is actually performing
in these cases.
Noah Misch and Robert Haas
Arrange for the control files to be in $SHAREDIR/extension not
$SHAREDIR/contrib, since we're generally trying to deprecate the term
"contrib" and this is a once-in-many-moons opportunity to get rid of it in
install paths. Fix PGXS to install the $EXTENSION file into that directory
no matter what MODULEDIR is set to; a nondefault MODULEDIR should only
affect the script and secondary extension files. Fix the control file
directory parameter to be interpreted relative to $SHAREDIR, to avoid a
surprising disconnect between how you specify that and what you set
MODULEDIR to.
Per discussion with David Wheeler.
This follows recent discussions, so it's quite a bit different from
Dimitri's original. There will probably be more changes once we get a bit
of experience with it, but let's get it in and start playing with it.
This is still just core code. I'll start converting contrib modules
shortly.
Dimitri Fontaine and Tom Lane
the standby has written, flushed, and applied the WAL. At the moment, this
is for informational purposes only, the values are only shown in
pg_stat_replication system view, but in the future they will also be needed
for synchronous replication.
Extracted from Simon riggs' synchronous replication patch by Robert Haas, with
some tweaking by me.
Tracks one counter for each database, which is reset whenever
the statistics for any individual object inside the database is
reset, and one counter for the background writer.
Tomas Vondra, reviewed by Greg Smith
This is an essential component of making the extension feature usable;
first because it's needed in the process of converting an existing
installation containing "loose" objects of an old contrib module into
the extension-based world, and second because we'll have to use it
in pg_dump --binary-upgrade, as per recent discussion.
Loosely based on part of Dimitri Fontaine's ALTER EXTENSION UPGRADE
patch.
Specifying this option makes the server not wait for the
xlog to be archived, or emit a warning that it can't,
instead leaving the responsibility with the client.
This is useful when the log is being streamed using
the streaming protocol in parallel with the backup,
without having log archiving enabled.
This patch adds the server infrastructure to support extensions.
There is still one significant loose end, namely how to make it play nice
with pg_upgrade, so I am not yet committing the changes that would make
all the contrib modules depend on this feature.
In passing, fix a disturbingly large amount of breakage in
AlterObjectNamespace() and callers.
Dimitri Fontaine, reviewed by Anssi Kääriäinen,
Itagaki Takahiro, Tom Lane, and numerous others
This adds collation support for columns and domains, a COLLATE clause
to override it per expression, and B-tree index support.
Peter Eisentraut
reviewed by Pavel Stehule, Itagaki Takahiro, Robert Haas, Noah Misch
new recovery.conf parameter recovery_target_name allows PITR to
specify named points as recovery targets.
Jaime Casanova, reviewed by Euler Taveira de Oliveira, plus minor edits
FK constraints that are marked NOT VALID may later be VALIDATED, which uses an
ShareUpdateExclusiveLock on constraint table and RowShareLock on referenced
table. Significantly reduces lock strength and duration when adding FKs.
New state visible from psql.
Simon Riggs, with reviews from Marko Tiikkaja and Robert Haas
Waiting for relation locks can lead to starvation - it pins down an
autovacuum worker for as long as the lock is held. But if we're doing
an anti-wraparound vacuum, then we still wait; maintenance can no longer
be put off.
To assist with troubleshooting, if log_autovacuum_min_duration >= 0,
we log whenever an autovacuum or autoanalyze is skipped for this reason.
Per a gripe by Josh Berkus, and ensuing discussion.
Until now, our Serializable mode has in fact been what's called Snapshot
Isolation, which allows some anomalies that could not occur in any
serialized ordering of the transactions. This patch fixes that using a
method called Serializable Snapshot Isolation, based on research papers by
Michael J. Cahill (see README-SSI for full references). In Serializable
Snapshot Isolation, transactions run like they do in Snapshot Isolation,
but a predicate lock manager observes the reads and writes performed and
aborts transactions if it detects that an anomaly might occur. This method
produces some false positives, ie. it sometimes aborts transactions even
though there is no anomaly.
To track reads we implement predicate locking, see storage/lmgr/predicate.c.
Whenever a tuple is read, a predicate lock is acquired on the tuple. Shared
memory is finite, so when a transaction takes many tuple-level locks on a
page, the locks are promoted to a single page-level lock, and further to a
single relation level lock if necessary. To lock key values with no matching
tuple, a sequential scan always takes a relation-level lock, and an index
scan acquires a page-level lock that covers the search key, whether or not
there are any matching keys at the moment.
A predicate lock doesn't conflict with any regular locks or with another
predicate locks in the normal sense. They're only used by the predicate lock
manager to detect the danger of anomalies. Only serializable transactions
participate in predicate locking, so there should be no extra overhead for
for other transactions.
Predicate locks can't be released at commit, but must be remembered until
all the transactions that overlapped with it have completed. That means that
we need to remember an unbounded amount of predicate locks, so we apply a
lossy but conservative method of tracking locks for committed transactions.
If we run short of shared memory, we overflow to a new "pg_serial" SLRU
pool.
We don't currently allow Serializable transactions in Hot Standby mode.
That would be hard, because even read-only transactions can cause anomalies
that wouldn't otherwise occur.
Serializable isolation mode now means the new fully serializable level.
Repeatable Read gives you the old Snapshot Isolation level that we have
always had.
Kevin Grittner and Dan Ports, reviewed by Jeff Davis, Heikki Linnakangas and
Anssi Kääriäinen
String are converted to UTF8 on the way into perl and to the
database encoding on the way back. This avoids a number of
observed anomalies, and ensures Perl a consistent view of the
world.
Some minor code cleanups are also accomplished.
Alex Hunsaker, reviewed by Andy Colson.
Remove the claim that ALTER TABLE .. SET DATA TYPE is the fastest way of
rewriting a table, since it no longer is.
Noah Misch and Robert Haas, based on a suggestion from Tom Lane.
src/pl/plpgsql/src/plerrcodes.h, src/include/utils/errcodes.h, and a
big chunk of errcodes.sgml are now automatically generated from a single
file, src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt.
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Tom Lane.
Add the current xlog insert location to the response of
IDENTIFY_SYSTEM, and adds result sets containing start
and stop location of backups to BASE_BACKUP responses.
Prior to 9.0, restartpoints never created, deleted, or recycled WAL
files, but now they can. This code makes log_checkpoints treat
checkpoints and restartpoints symmetrically. It also adjusts up
the documentation of the parameter to mention restartpoints.
Fujii Masao. Docs by me, as suggested by Itagaki Takahiro.
This allows the language-specific try/catch construct to catch and
handle exceptions arising from SPI calls, matching the behavior of
other PLs.
As an additional bonus you no longer get all the ugly "unrecognized
error in PLy_spi_execute_query" errors.
Jan Urbański, reviewed by Steve Singer
Unlike Btree-based LIKE optimization, this works for non-left-anchored
search patterns. The effectiveness of the search depends on how many
trigrams can be extracted from the pattern. (The worst case, with no
trigrams, degrades to a full-table scan, so this isn't a panacea. But
it can be very useful.)
Alexander Korotkov, reviewed by Jan Urbanski
Previously reported as ERRCODE_ADMIN_SHUTDOWN, this case is now
reported as ERRCODE_T_R_DATABASE_DROPPED. No message text change.
Unlikely to happen on most servers, so low impact change to allow
session poolers to correctly handle this situation.
Tatsuo Ishii, edits by me, review by Robert Haas
Document how to build 64 bit Windows binaries using the MinGW64 tool set.
Remove recommendation against using Mingw as a build platform.
Be more specific about when Cygwin is useful and when it's not, in
particular note its usefulness for running psql, and
add a note about building on Cygwin in non-C locales.
Per recent discussions.
Operation", merged from upgrade sections in "Installation from Source
Code" and "Backup and Restore". This now gives a single place for all
upgrade information.
With this patch, pg_basebackup doesn't write a backup_label file in the
data directory, so it doesn't interfere with a pg_start/stop_backup() based
backup anymore. backup_label is still included in the backup, but it is
injected directly into the tar stream.
Heikki Linnakangas, reviewed by Fujii Masao and Magnus Hagander.
When included, this makes the base backup a complete working
"clone" of the initial database, ready to have a postmaster
started against it without the need to set up any log archiving
or similar.
Magnus Hagander, reviewed by Fujii Masao and Heikki Linnakangas
Although this improves the style, an ulterior motive is to keep the two
table links from breaking across lines in PDF output, per complaint from
Josh Kupershmidt.
The link to the CREATE CONVERSION manual page was split across a page
boundary in the PDF output, leading to "\pdfendlink ended up in different
nesting level than \pdfstartlink" error while building PDFs.
It wouldn't be worth changing text that's undergoing active editing to
avoid this, since other editing might result in moving the link away from
the page end anyway. But this paragraph has been static for a long time,
so might as well fix it to prevent it from being an issue in future.
There isn't any need to track this state on a table-wide basis, and trying
to do so introduces undesirable semantic fuzziness. Move the flag to
pg_index, where it clearly describes just a single index and can be
immutable after index creation.
This feature allows a unique or pkey constraint to be created using an
already-existing unique index. While the constraint isn't very
functionally different from the bare index, it's nice to be able to do that
for documentation purposes. The main advantage over just issuing a plain
ALTER TABLE ADD UNIQUE/PRIMARY KEY is that the index can be created with
CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY, so that there is not a long interval where the
table is locked against updates.
On the way, refactor some of the code in DefineIndex() and index_create()
so that we don't have to pass through those functions in order to create
the index constraint's catalog entries. Also, in parse_utilcmd.c, pass
around the ParseState pointer in struct CreateStmtContext to save on
notation, and add error location pointers to some error reports that didn't
have one before.
Gurjeet Singh, reviewed by Steve Singer and Tom Lane
This is still pretty rough - among other things, the documentation
needs work, and the messages need a visit from the style police -
but this gets the basic framework in place.
KaiGai Kohei
This tool makes it possible to do the pg_start_backup/
copy files/pg_stop_backup step in a single command.
There are still some steps to be done before this is a
complete backup solution, such as the ability to stream
the required WAL logs, but it's still usable, and
could do with some buildfarm coverage.
In passing, make the checkpoint request optionally
fast instead of hardcoding it.
Magnus Hagander, reviewed by Fujii Masao and Dimitri Fontaine
If wal_buffers is initially set to -1 (which is now the default), it's
replaced by 1/32nd of shared_buffers, with a minimum of 8 (the old default)
and a maximum of the XLOG segment size. The allowed range for manual
settings is still from 4 up to whatever will fit in shared memory.
Greg Smith, with implementation correction by me.
Actually rename the program, rather than just claiming we did. Hook it
into the build system. Get rid of useless dependency on libpq. Clean up
#include list and messy whitespace.
Makes it easier to parse mainly the BASE_BACKUP command
with it's options, and avoids having to manually deal
with quoted identifiers in the label (previously broken),
and makes it easier to add new commands and options in
the future.
In passing, refactor the case statement in the walsender
to put each command in it's own function.
Fix broken test for pre-existing postmaster, caused by wrong code for
appending lines to the lockfile; don't write a failed listen_address
setting into the lockfile; don't arbitrarily change the location of the
data directory in the lockfile compared to previous releases; provide more
consistent and useful definitions of the socket path and listen_address
entries; avoid assuming that pg_ctl has the same DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR as
the postmaster; assorted code style improvements.
Instead, run them in the encoding that the locale selects, which is
more representative of real use.
Also document how locale and encoding for regression test runs can be
selected.
Add BASE_BACKUP command to walsender, allowing it to stream a
base backup to the client (in tar format). The syntax is still
far from ideal, that will be fixed in the switch to use a proper
grammar for walsender.
No client included yet, will come as a separate commit.
Magnus Hagander and Heikki Linnakangas
The array containment operators now behave per mathematical expectation
for empty arrays (ie, an empty array is contained in anything).
Both these operators and the query_int operators now work as expected in
GiST and GIN index searches, rather than having corner cases where the
index searches gave different answers.
Also, fix unexpected failures where the operators would claim that an array
contained nulls, when in fact there was no longer any null present (similar
to bug #5784). The restriction to not have nulls is still there, as
removing it would take a lot of added code complexity and probably slow
things down significantly.
Also, remove the arbitrary restriction to 1-D arrays; unlike the other
restriction, this was buying us nothing performance-wise.
Assorted cosmetic improvements and marginal performance improvements, too.
The only use we have had for amindexnulls is in determining whether an
index is safe to cluster on; but since the addition of the amclusterable
flag, that usage is pretty redundant.
In passing, clean up assorted sloppiness from the last patch that touched
pg_am.h: Natts_pg_am was wrong, and ambuildempty was not documented.
Per my recent proposal(s). Null key datums can now be returned by
extractValue and extractQuery functions, and will be stored in the index.
Also, placeholder entries are made for indexable items that are NULL or
contain no keys according to extractValue. This means that the index is
now always complete, having at least one entry for every indexed heap TID,
and so we can get rid of the prohibition on full-index scans. A full-index
scan is implemented much the same way as partial-match scans were already:
we build a bitmap representing all the TIDs found in the index, and then
drive the results off that.
Also, introduce a concept of a "search mode" that can be requested by
extractQuery when the operator requires matching to empty items (this is
just as cheap as matching to a single key) or requires a full index scan
(which is not so cheap, but it sure beats failing or giving wrong answers).
The behavior remains backward compatible for opclasses that don't return
any null keys or request a non-default search mode.
Using these features, we can now make the GIN index opclass for anyarray
behave in a way that matches the actual anyarray operators for &&, <@, @>,
and = ... which it failed to do before in assorted corner cases.
This commit fixes the core GIN code and ginarrayprocs.c, updates the
documentation, and adds some simple regression test cases for the new
behaviors using the array operators. The tsearch and contrib GIN opclass
support functions still need to be looked over and probably fixed.
Another thing I intend to fix separately is that this is pretty inefficient
for cases where more than one scan condition needs a full-index search:
we'll run duplicate GinScanEntrys, each one of which builds a large bitmap.
There is some existing logic to merge duplicate GinScanEntrys but it needs
refactoring to make it work for entries belonging to different scan keys.
Note that most of gin.h has been split out into a new file gin_private.h,
so that gin.h doesn't export anything that's not supposed to be used by GIN
opclasses or the rest of the backend. I did quite a bit of other code
beautification work as well, mostly fixing comments and choosing more
appropriate names for things.
This can be overriden by using NOREPLICATION on the CREATE ROLE
statement, but by default they will have it, making it backwards
compatible and "less surprising" (given that superusers normally
override all checks).
Add new function pg_sequence_parameters that returns a sequence's start,
minimum, maximum, increment, and cycle values, and use that in the view.
(bug #5662; design suggestion by Tom Lane)
Also slightly adjust the view's column order and permissions after review of
SQL standard.
Foreign tables are a core component of SQL/MED. This commit does
not provide a working SQL/MED infrastructure, because foreign tables
cannot yet be queried. Support for foreign table scans will need to
be added in a future patch. However, this patch creates the necessary
system catalog structure, syntax support, and support for ancillary
operations such as COMMENT and SECURITY LABEL.
Shigeru Hanada, heavily revised by Robert Haas
The contents of an unlogged table are WAL-logged; thus, they are not
available on standby servers and are truncated whenever the database
system enters recovery. Indexes on unlogged tables are also unlogged.
Unlogged GiST indexes are not currently supported.
This privilege is required to do Streaming Replication, instead of
superuser, making it possible to set up a SR slave that doesn't
have write permissions on the master.
Superuser privileges do NOT override this check, so in order to
use the default superuser account for replication it must be
explicitly granted the REPLICATION permissions. This is backwards
incompatible change, in the interest of higher default security.
This is how it was documented originally, but several years ago somebody
decided that DEFAULT isn't a type of constraint. Well, the grammar thinks
it is. The documentation was wrong in two ways: it alleged that DEFAULT
had to appear before any other kind of constraint, and it alleged that you
can't prefix a DEFAULT clause with a "CONSTRAINT name" clause, when in fact
you can. (The latter behavior probably isn't SQL-standard, but our grammar
has always allowed it.)
This patch responds to Fujii Masao's observation that the ALTER TABLE
documentation mistakenly implied that you couldn't include DEFAULT in
ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN; though this isn't the way he proposed fixing it.
My previous commit, 85cff3ce7f on
2010-12-25, failed to update errcodes.sgml or plerrcodes.h. This patch
corrects that oversight, per a gripe from Tom Lane, and also corrects
a typographical error.
cleanup stage to finish incomplete inserts or splits anymore. There was two
reasons for the cleanup step:
1. When a new tuple was inserted to a leaf page, the downlink in the parent
needed to be updated to contain (ie. to be consistent with) the new key.
Updating the parent in turn might require recursively updating the parent of
the parent. We now handle that by updating the parent while traversing down
the tree, so that when we insert the leaf tuple, all the parents are already
consistent with the new key, and the tree is consistent at every step.
2. When a page is split, we need to insert the downlink for the new right
page(s), and update the downlink for the original page to not include keys
that moved to the right page(s). We now handle that by setting a new flag,
F_FOLLOW_RIGHT, on the non-rightmost pages in the split. When that flag is
set, scans always follow the rightlink, regardless of the NSN mechanism used
to detect concurrent page splits. That way the tree is consistent right after
split, even though the downlink is still missing. This is very similar to the
way B-tree splits are handled. When the downlink is inserted in the parent,
the flag is cleared. To keep the insertion algorithm simple, when an
insertion sees an incomplete split, indicated by the F_FOLLOW_RIGHT flag, it
finishes the split before doing anything else.
These changes allow removing the whole "invalid tuple" mechanism, but I
retained the scan code to still follow invalid tuples correctly. While we
don't create any such tuples anymore, we want to handle them gracefully in
case you pg_upgrade a GiST index that has them. If we encounter any on an
insert, though, we just throw an error saying that you need to REINDEX.
The issue that got me into doing this is that if you did a checkpoint while
an insert or split was in progress, and the checkpoint finishes quickly so
that there is no WAL record related to the insert between RedoRecPtr and the
checkpoint record, recovery from that checkpoint would not know to finish
the incomplete insert. IOW, we have the same issue we solved with the
rm_safe_restartpoint mechanism during normal operation too. It's highly
unlikely to happen in practice, and this fix is far too large to backpatch,
so we're just going to live with in previous versions, but this refactoring
fixes it going forward.
With this patch, you don't get the annoying
'index "FOO" needs VACUUM or REINDEX to finish crash recovery' notices
anymore if you crash at an unfortunate moment.
This function is like the PQserverVersion() function except
it returns the version of libpq, making it possible for a client
program or driver to determine which version of libpq is in
use at runtime, and not just at link time.
Suggested by Harald Armin Massa and several others.
Add support for collecting "minidump" style crash dumps on
Windows, by setting up an exception handling filter. Crash
dumps will be generated in PGDATA/crashdumps if the directory
is created (the existance of the directory is used as on/off
switch for the generation of the dumps).
Craig Ringer and Magnus Hagander
Recent versions of the Linux system header files cause xlogdefs.h to
believe that open_datasync should be the default sync method, whereas
formerly fdatasync was the default on Linux. open_datasync is a bad
choice, first because it doesn't actually outperform fdatasync (in fact
the reverse), and second because we try to use O_DIRECT with it, causing
failures on certain filesystems (e.g., ext4 with data=journal option).
This part of the patch is largely per a proposal from Marti Raudsepp.
More extensive changes are likely to follow in HEAD, but this is as much
change as we want to back-patch.
Also clean up confusing code and incorrect documentation surrounding the
fsync_writethrough option. Those changes shouldn't result in any actual
behavioral change, but I chose to back-patch them anyway to keep the
branches looking similar in this area.
In 9.0 and HEAD, also do some copy-editing on the WAL Reliability
documentation section.
Back-patch to all supported branches, since any of them might get used
on modern Linux versions.
First, avoid scanning the whole ProcArray once we know there
are at least commit_siblings active; second, skip the check
altogether if commit_siblings = 0.
Greg Smith
This is a heavily revised version of builtin_knngist_core-0.9. The
ordering operators are no longer mixed in with actual quals, which would
have confused not only humans but significant parts of the planner.
Instead, ordering operators are carried separately throughout planning and
execution.
Since the API for ambeginscan and amrescan functions had to be changed
anyway, this commit takes the opportunity to rationalize that a bit.
RelationGetIndexScan no longer forces a premature index_rescan call;
instead, callers of index_beginscan must call index_rescan too. Aside from
making the AM-side initialization logic a bit less peculiar, this has the
advantage that we do not make a useless extra am_rescan call when there are
runtime key values. AMs formerly could not assume that the key values
passed to amrescan were actually valid; now they can.
Teodor Sigaev and Tom Lane
Basically, we want to distinguish all cases where the connection was
not made from those where it was. A convenient proxy for this is to
see if we got a message with a SQLSTATE code back from the postmaster.
This presumes that the postmaster will always send us a SQLSTATE in
a failure message, which is true for 7.4 and later postmasters in
every case except fork failure. (We could possibly complicate the
postmaster code to do something about that, but it seems not worth
the trouble, especially since pg_ctl's response for that case should
be to keep waiting anyway.)
If we did get a SQLSTATE from the postmaster, there are basically only
two cases, as per last week's discussion: ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW
and everything else. Any other error code implies that the postmaster
is in principle willing to accept connections, it just didn't like or
couldn't handle this particular request. We want to make a special
case for ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW so that "pg_ctl start -w" knows
it should keep waiting.
In passing, pick names for the enum constants that are a tad less
likely to present collision hazards in future.
This adds support for changing the schema of a conversion, operator,
operator class, operator family, text search configuration, text search
dictionary, text search parser, or text search template.
Dimitri Fontaine, with assorted corrections and other kibitzing.
status, including a status where the server is running but refuses a
postgres connection.
Have pg_ctl use this new function. This fixes the case where pg_ctl
reports that the server is not running (cannot connect) but in fact it
is running.
supplied, also print the IP address. This allows IPv4 and IPv6 failures
to be distinguished. Also useful when a hostname resolves to multiple
IP addresses.
Also, remove use of inet_ntoa() and use our own inet_net_ntop() in all
places, including in libpq, because it is thread-safe.
This commit adds columns amoppurpose and amopsortfamily to pg_amop, and
column amcanorderbyop to pg_am. For the moment all the entries in
amcanorderbyop are "false", since the underlying support isn't there yet.
Also, extend the CREATE OPERATOR CLASS/ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY commands with
[ FOR SEARCH | FOR ORDER BY sort_operator_family ] clauses to allow the new
columns of pg_amop to be populated, and create pg_dump support for dumping
that information.
I also added some documentation, although it's perhaps a bit premature
given that the feature doesn't do anything useful yet.
Teodor Sigaev, Robert Haas, Tom Lane
Also, move index entries into the tables, closer to the function description,
for easier editing in the future. Resort some tables to be more alphabetical.
Remove the entries for count, max, min, and sum in the tutorial area, because
that was felt to be confusing.
Thom Brown
Currently, three conversion format specifiers are supported: %s for a
string, %L for an SQL literal, and %I for an SQL identifier. The latter
two are deliberately designed not to overlap with what sprintf() already
supports, in case we want to add more of sprintf()'s functionality here
later.
Patch by Pavel Stehule, heavily revised by me. Reviewed by Jeff Janes
and, in earlier versions, by Itagaki Takahiro and Tom Lane.
In the previous coding, we simply issued ALTER SEQUENCE RESTART commands,
which do not roll back on error. This meant that an error between
truncating and committing left the sequences out of sync with the table
contents, with potentially bad consequences as were noted in a Warning on
the TRUNCATE man page.
To fix, create a new storage file (relfilenode) for a sequence that is to
be reset due to RESTART IDENTITY. If the transaction aborts, we'll
automatically revert to the old storage file. This acts just like a
rewriting ALTER TABLE operation. A penalty is that we have to take
exclusive lock on the sequence, but since we've already got exclusive lock
on its owning table, that seems unlikely to be much of a problem.
The interaction of this with usual nontransactional behaviors of sequence
operations is a bit weird, but it's hard to see what would be completely
consistent. Our choice is to discard cached-but-unissued sequence values
both when the RESTART is executed, and at rollback if any; but to not touch
the currval() state either time.
In passing, move the sequence reset operations to happen before not after
any AFTER TRUNCATE triggers are fired. The previous ordering was not
logically sensible, but was forced by the need to minimize inconsistency
if the triggers caused an error. Transactional rollback is a much better
solution to that.
Patch by Steve Singer, rather heavily adjusted by me.
This new field counts the number of times that a backend which writes a
buffer out to the OS must also fsync() it. This happens when the
bgwriter fsync request queue is full, and is generally detrimental to
performance, so it's good to know when it's happening. Along the way,
log a new message at level DEBUG1 whenever we fail to hand off an fsync,
so that the problem can also be seen in examination of log files
(if the logging level is cranked up high enough).
Greg Smith, with minor tweaks by me.
Replace for loops in makefiles with proper dependencies. Parallel
make can now span across directories. Also, make -k and make -q work
properly.
GNU make 3.80 or newer is now required.
Explicitly document that the -o options of pg_ctl init mode are meant
for initdb, not postgres (Euler Taveira de Oliveira). Assorted other
copy-editing (Tom).
PG 8.4 added a built-in feature for casting pretty much any data type to
string types (text, varchar, etc). We allowed this to work in any of the
historically-allowed syntaxes: CAST(x AS text), x::text, text(x), or
x.text. However, multiple complaints have shown that it's too easy to
invoke such casts unintentionally in the latter two styles, particularly
field selection. To cure the problem with the narrowest possible change
of behavior, disallow use of I/O conversion casts from composite types to
string types via functional/attribute syntax. The new functionality is
still available via cast syntax.
In passing, document the equivalence of functional and attribute syntax
in a more visible place.
\dn without "S" now hides all pg_XXX schemas as well as information_schema.
Thus, in a bare database you'll only see "public". ("public" is considered
a user schema, not a system schema, mainly because it's droppable.)
Per discussion back in late September.
WAL-logged. Make the notice about the lack of WAL-logging more visible by
making it a <caution>. Also remove the false statement from hot standby
caveats section that hash indexes are not used during hot standby.
After much expenditure of effort, we've got this to the point where the
performance penalty is pretty minimal in typical cases.
Andrew Dunstan, reviewed by Brendan Jurd, Dean Rasheed, and Tom Lane
This patch eliminates various bizarre behaviors caused by sloppy thinking
about the difference between a domain type and its underlying array type.
In particular, the operation of updating one element of such an array
has to be considered as yielding a value of the underlying array type,
*not* a value of the domain, because there's no assurance that the
domain's CHECK constraints are still satisfied. If we're intending to
store the result back into a domain column, we have to re-cast to the
domain type so that constraints are re-checked.
For similar reasons, such a domain can't be blindly matched to an ANYARRAY
polymorphic parameter, because the polymorphic function is likely to apply
array-ish operations that could invalidate the domain constraints. For the
moment, we just forbid such matching. We might later wish to insert an
automatic downcast to the underlying array type, but such a change should
also change matching of domains to ANYELEMENT for consistency.
To ensure that all such logic is rechecked, this patch removes the original
hack of setting a domain's pg_type.typelem field to match its base type;
the typelem will always be zero instead. In those places where it's really
okay to look through the domain type with no other logic changes, use the
newly added get_base_element_type function in place of get_element_type.
catversion bumped due to change in pg_type contents.
Per bug #5717 from Richard Huxton and subsequent discussion.
This is not the hoped-for facility of using INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE inside
a WITH, but rather the other way around. It seems useful in its own
right anyway.
Note: catversion bumped because, although the contents of stored rules
might look compatible, there's actually a subtle semantic change.
A single Query containing a WITH and INSERT...VALUES now represents
writing the WITH before the INSERT, not before the VALUES. While it's
not clear that that matters to anyone, it seems like a good idea to
have it cited in the git history for catversion.h.
Original patch by Marko Tiikkaja, with updating and cleanup by
Hitoshi Harada.
I also rearranged the order of the sections to match the logical order
of processing steps: the distinct-elimination implied by SELECT DISTINCT
happens before, not after, any UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT combination.
Per a suggestion from Hitoshi Harada.
This is a parsed DocBook DTD for the PSGML Emacs mode, but it hasn't
been updated since we switched to DocBook 4.2 about seven years ago.
Also, PSGML has deprecated this method of DTD parsing.
The GRANT reference page failed to mention that the USAGE privilege
allows modifying associated user mappings, although this was already
documented on the CREATE/ALTER/DROP USER MAPPING pages.
to see if a particular privilege has been granted to PUBLIC.
The issue was reported by Jim Nasby.
Patch by Alvaro Herrera, and reviewed by KaiGai Kohei.
This patch adds the SQL-standard concept of an INSTEAD OF trigger, which
is fired instead of performing a physical insert/update/delete. The
trigger function is passed the entire old and/or new rows of the view,
and must figure out what to do to the underlying tables to implement
the update. So this feature can be used to implement updatable views
using trigger programming style rather than rule hacking.
In passing, this patch corrects the names of some columns in the
information_schema.triggers view. It seems the SQL committee renamed
them somewhere between SQL:99 and SQL:2003.
Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Bernd Helmle; some additional hacking by me.
Satoshi Nagayasu, reviewed and revised by Peter Eisentraut
Since this introduces new refentries that we probably don't want to publish as
man pages, tweak man page stylesheet to omit man pages without manvolnum
element.
Peter Eisentraut
In particular, we are now more explicit about the fact that you may need
wal_sync_method=fsync_writethrough for crash-safety on some platforms,
including MaxOS X. There's also now an explicit caution against assuming
that the default setting of wal_sync_method is either crash-safe or best
for performance.
There are numerous methods by which a Perl or Tcl function can subvert
the behavior of another such function executed later; for example, by
redefining standard functions or operators called by the target function.
If the target function is SECURITY DEFINER, or is called by such a
function, this means that any ordinary SQL user with Perl or Tcl language
usage rights can do essentially anything with the privileges of the target
function's owner.
To close this security hole, create a separate Perl or Tcl interpreter for
each SQL userid under which plperl or pltcl functions are executed within
a session. However, all plperlu or pltclu functions run within a session
still share a single interpreter, since they all execute at the trust
level of a database superuser anyway.
Note: this change results in a functionality loss when libperl has been
built without the "multiplicity" option: it's no longer possible to call
plperl functions under different userids in one session, since such a
libperl can't support multiple interpreters in one process. However, such
a libperl already failed to support concurrent use of plperl and plperlu,
so it's likely that few people use such versions with Postgres.
Security: CVE-2010-3433
This is intended as infrastructure to support integration with label-based
mandatory access control systems such as SE-Linux. Further changes (mostly
hooks) will be needed, but this is a big chunk of it.
KaiGai Kohei and Robert Haas
Command synopses using <cmdsynopsis> with multiple variants previously used
<sbr> to break lines between variants. The new man page toolchain introduced
in 9.0 makes a mess out of that, and that markup was probably wrong all along,
because <sbr> is supposed to break lines within a synopsis, not between them.
So fix that by using multiple <cmdsynopsis> elements inside <refsynopsisdiv>.
backpatched to 9.0
Also, add cross-reference from pg_shadow.passwd to pg_authid.rolpasswd and
fix a bit of markup I muffed in my previous commit.
Per discussion with Josh Kupershmidt.
It isn't, now that we ship the docs as loose files rather than a sub-tarball.
Also adjust the wording in a couple of places to make the lists of required
software read more consistently.
- remove excessive table cells
- moving function parameters into function tags rather than having
them being considered separate
- add return type column on XML2 contrib module functions list and
removing return types from function
- add table header to XML2 contrib parameter table
Thom Brown
Backpatch to 9.0.X.
Since the code underlying pg_get_expr() is not secure against malformed
input, and can't practically be made so, we need to prevent miscreants
from feeding arbitrary data to it. We can do this securely by declaring
pg_get_expr() to take a new datatype "pg_node_tree" and declaring the
system catalog columns that hold nodeToString output to be of that type.
There is no way at SQL level to create a non-null value of type pg_node_tree.
Since the backend-internal operations that fill those catalog columns
operate below the SQL level, they are oblivious to the datatype relabeling
and don't need any changes.
which is perhaps not a terribly good spot for it but there doesn't seem to be
a better place. Also add a source-code comment pointing out a couple reasons
for having a separate lock file. Per suggestion from Greg Smith.
While at it, copy-edit the description of prefix-match marker support in
synonym dictionaries, and clarify the description of the default unaccent
dictionary a bit more.
Per gripe from Fujii Masao, though this is not exactly his proposed patch.
Categorize as DEVELOPER_OPTIONS and set context PGC_SIGHUP, as per Fujii,
but set the default to LOG because higher values aren't really sensible
(see the code for trace_recovery()). Fix the documentation to agree with
the code and to try to explain what the variable actually does. Get rid
of no-op calls trace_recovery(LOG), which accomplish nothing except to
demonstrate that this option confuses even its author.
This allows us to reliably remove all leftover temporary relation
files on cluster startup without reference to system catalogs or WAL;
therefore, we no longer include temporary relations in XLOG_XACT_COMMIT
and XLOG_XACT_ABORT WAL records.
Since these changes require including a backend ID in each
SharedInvalSmgrMsg, the size of the SharedInvalidationMessage.id
field has been reduced from two bytes to one, and the maximum number
of connections has been reduced from INT_MAX / 4 to 2^23-1. It would
be possible to remove these restrictions by increasing the size of
SharedInvalidationMessage by 4 bytes, but right now that doesn't seem
like a good trade-off.
Review by Jaime Casanova and Tom Lane.
functions to the core XML code. Per discussion, the former depends on
XMLOPTION while the others do not. These supersede a version previously
offered by contrib/xml2.
Mike Fowler, reviewed by Pavel Stehule
and the editor's cursor will be initially placed on that line. In \e the
lines are counted with respect to the query buffer, while in \ef they are
counted with line 1 = first line of function body. These choices are useful
for positioning the cursor on the line of a previously-reported error.
To avoid assumptions about what switch the user's editor takes for this
purpose, invent a new psql variable EDITOR_LINENUMBER_SWITCH with (at
present) no default value.
One incompatibility from previous behavior is that "\e 1234" will now
take "1234" as a line number not a file name. There are at least two
ways to select a numerically-named file if you really want to.
Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Jan Urbanski, with further editing by Robert Haas
and Tom Lane
better handling of NULL elements within the arrays. The third parameter
is a string that should be used to represent a NULL element, or should
be translated into a NULL element, respectively. If the third parameter
is NULL it behaves the same as the two-parameter form.
There are two incompatible changes in the behavior of the two-parameter form
of string_to_array. First, it will return an empty (zero-element) array
rather than NULL when the input string is of zero length. Second, if the
field separator is NULL, the function splits the string into individual
characters, rather than returning NULL as before. These two changes make
this form fully compatible with the behavior of the new three-parameter form.
Pavel Stehule, reviewed by Brendan Jurd
can be caught in the same places that could catch an ordinary RAISE ERROR
in the same location. The previous coding insisted on throwing the error
from the block containing the active exception handler; which is arguably
more surprising, and definitely unlike Oracle's behavior.
Not back-patching, since this is a pretty obscure corner case. The risk
of breaking somebody's code in a minor version update seems to outweigh
any possible benefit.
Piyush Newe, reviewed by David Fetter
statistics counts. These numbers are being accumulated but haven't yet been
transmitted to the collector (and won't be, until the transaction ends).
For some purposes, though, it's handy to be able to look at them.
Joel Jacobson, reviewed by Itagaki Takahiro
other columns to be referenced without listing them in GROUP BY, so long as
the primary key column(s) are listed in GROUP BY.
Eventually we should also allow functional dependency on a UNIQUE constraint
when the columns are marked NOT NULL, but that has to wait until NOT NULL
constraints are represented in pg_constraint, because we need to have
pg_constraint OIDs for all the conditions needed to ensure functional
dependency.
Peter Eisentraut, reviewed by Alex Hunsaker and Tom Lane
functionality, while creating an ambiguity in usage with ORDER BY that at
least two people have already gotten seriously confused by. Also, add an
opr_sanity test to check that we don't in future violate the newly minted
policy of not having built-in aggregates with the same name and different
numbers of parameters. Per discussion of a complaint from Thom Brown.
the parameters of \connect, and fix oversight of not enabling translation
of the messages. Also, adjust \connect's similar messages to match, and
deal with 8.2-era violation of basic translatability guidelines there.
