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postgresql/src/include/optimizer/paths.h
Richard Guo f5050f795a Mark expressions nullable by grouping sets 
When generating window_pathkeys, distinct_pathkeys, or sort_pathkeys,
we failed to realize that the grouping/ordering expressions might be
nullable by grouping sets.  As a result, we may incorrectly deem that
the PathKeys are redundant by EquivalenceClass processing and thus
remove them from the pathkeys list.  That would lead to wrong results
in some cases.

To fix this issue, we mark the grouping expressions nullable by
grouping sets if that is the case.  If the grouping expression is a
Var or PlaceHolderVar or constructed from those, we can just add the
RT index of the RTE_GROUP RTE to the existing nullingrels field(s);
otherwise we have to add a PlaceHolderVar to carry on the nullingrel
bit.

However, we have to manually remove this nullingrel bit from
expressions in various cases where these expressions are logically
below the grouping step, such as when we generate groupClause pathkeys
for grouping sets, or when we generate PathTarget for initial input to
grouping nodes.

Furthermore, in set_upper_references, the targetlist and quals of an
Agg node should have nullingrels that include the effects of the
grouping step, ie they will have nullingrels equal to the input
Vars/PHVs' nullingrels plus the nullingrel bit that references the
grouping RTE.  In order to perform exact nullingrels matches, we also
need to manually remove this nullingrel bit.

Bump catversion because this changes the querytree produced by the
parser.

Thanks to Tom Lane for the idea to invent a new kind of RTE.

Per reports from Geoff Winkless, Tobias Wendorff, Richard Guo from
various threads.

Author: Richard Guo
Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat, Sutou Kouhei
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMbWs4_dp7e7oTwaiZeBX8+P1rXw4ThkZxh1QG81rhu9Z47VsQ@mail.gmail.com
2024-09-10 12:36:48 +09:00

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* paths.h
* prototypes for various files in optimizer/path
*
*
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* src/include/optimizer/paths.h
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#ifndef PATHS_H
#define PATHS_H
#include "nodes/pathnodes.h"
/*
* allpaths.c
*/
extern PGDLLIMPORT bool enable_geqo;
extern PGDLLIMPORT int geqo_threshold;
extern PGDLLIMPORT int min_parallel_table_scan_size;
extern PGDLLIMPORT int min_parallel_index_scan_size;
extern PGDLLIMPORT bool enable_group_by_reordering;
/* Hook for plugins to get control in set_rel_pathlist() */
typedef void (*set_rel_pathlist_hook_type) (PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel,
Index rti,
RangeTblEntry *rte);
extern PGDLLIMPORT set_rel_pathlist_hook_type set_rel_pathlist_hook;
/* Hook for plugins to get control in add_paths_to_joinrel() */
typedef void (*set_join_pathlist_hook_type) (PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *joinrel,
RelOptInfo *outerrel,
RelOptInfo *innerrel,
JoinType jointype,
JoinPathExtraData *extra);
extern PGDLLIMPORT set_join_pathlist_hook_type set_join_pathlist_hook;
/* Hook for plugins to replace standard_join_search() */
typedef RelOptInfo *(*join_search_hook_type) (PlannerInfo *root,
int levels_needed,
List *initial_rels);
extern PGDLLIMPORT join_search_hook_type join_search_hook;
extern RelOptInfo *make_one_rel(PlannerInfo *root, List *joinlist);
extern RelOptInfo *standard_join_search(PlannerInfo *root, int levels_needed,
List *initial_rels);
extern void generate_gather_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
bool override_rows);
extern void generate_useful_gather_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
bool override_rows);
extern int compute_parallel_worker(RelOptInfo *rel, double heap_pages,
double index_pages, int max_workers);
extern void create_partial_bitmap_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
Path *bitmapqual);
extern void generate_partitionwise_join_paths(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel);
/*
* indxpath.c
* routines to generate index paths
*/
extern void create_index_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
extern bool relation_has_unique_index_for(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
List *restrictlist,
List *exprlist, List *oprlist);
extern bool indexcol_is_bool_constant_for_query(PlannerInfo *root,
IndexOptInfo *index,
int indexcol);
extern bool match_index_to_operand(Node *operand, int indexcol,
IndexOptInfo *index);
extern void check_index_predicates(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
/*
* tidpath.c
* routines to generate tid paths
*/
extern bool create_tidscan_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
/*
* joinpath.c
* routines to create join paths
*/
extern void add_paths_to_joinrel(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
RelOptInfo *outerrel, RelOptInfo *innerrel,
JoinType jointype, SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo,
List *restrictlist);
/*
* joinrels.c
* routines to determine which relations to join
*/
extern void join_search_one_level(PlannerInfo *root, int level);
extern RelOptInfo *make_join_rel(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2);
extern Relids add_outer_joins_to_relids(PlannerInfo *root, Relids input_relids,
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo,
List **pushed_down_joins);
extern bool have_join_order_restriction(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2);
extern bool have_dangerous_phv(PlannerInfo *root,
Relids outer_relids, Relids inner_params);
extern void mark_dummy_rel(RelOptInfo *rel);
extern void init_dummy_sjinfo(SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo, Relids left_relids,
Relids right_relids);
/*
* equivclass.c
* routines for managing EquivalenceClasses
*/
typedef bool (*ec_matches_callback_type) (PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel,
EquivalenceClass *ec,
EquivalenceMember *em,
void *arg);
extern bool process_equivalence(PlannerInfo *root,
RestrictInfo **p_restrictinfo,
JoinDomain *jdomain);
extern Expr *canonicalize_ec_expression(Expr *expr,
Oid req_type, Oid req_collation);
extern void reconsider_outer_join_clauses(PlannerInfo *root);
extern EquivalenceClass *get_eclass_for_sort_expr(PlannerInfo *root,
Expr *expr,
List *opfamilies,
Oid opcintype,
Oid collation,
Index sortref,
Relids rel,
bool create_it);
extern EquivalenceMember *find_ec_member_matching_expr(EquivalenceClass *ec,
Expr *expr,
Relids relids);
extern EquivalenceMember *find_computable_ec_member(PlannerInfo *root,
EquivalenceClass *ec,
List *exprs,
Relids relids,
bool require_parallel_safe);
extern bool relation_can_be_sorted_early(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
EquivalenceClass *ec,
bool require_parallel_safe);
extern void generate_base_implied_equalities(PlannerInfo *root);
extern List *generate_join_implied_equalities(PlannerInfo *root,
Relids join_relids,
Relids outer_relids,
RelOptInfo *inner_rel,
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo);
extern List *generate_join_implied_equalities_for_ecs(PlannerInfo *root,
List *eclasses,
Relids join_relids,
Relids outer_relids,
RelOptInfo *inner_rel);
extern bool exprs_known_equal(PlannerInfo *root, Node *item1, Node *item2,
Oid opfamily);
extern EquivalenceClass *match_eclasses_to_foreign_key_col(PlannerInfo *root,
ForeignKeyOptInfo *fkinfo,
int colno);
extern RestrictInfo *find_derived_clause_for_ec_member(EquivalenceClass *ec,
EquivalenceMember *em);
extern void add_child_rel_equivalences(PlannerInfo *root,
AppendRelInfo *appinfo,
RelOptInfo *parent_rel,
RelOptInfo *child_rel);
extern void add_child_join_rel_equivalences(PlannerInfo *root,
int nappinfos,
AppendRelInfo **appinfos,
RelOptInfo *parent_joinrel,
RelOptInfo *child_joinrel);
extern void add_setop_child_rel_equivalences(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *child_rel,
List *child_tlist,
List *setop_pathkeys);
extern List *generate_implied_equalities_for_column(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel,
ec_matches_callback_type callback,
void *callback_arg,
Relids prohibited_rels);
extern bool have_relevant_eclass_joinclause(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2);
extern bool has_relevant_eclass_joinclause(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel1);
extern bool eclass_useful_for_merging(PlannerInfo *root,
EquivalenceClass *eclass,
RelOptInfo *rel);
extern bool is_redundant_derived_clause(RestrictInfo *rinfo, List *clauselist);
extern bool is_redundant_with_indexclauses(RestrictInfo *rinfo,
List *indexclauses);
/*
* pathkeys.c
* utilities for matching and building path keys
*/
typedef enum
{
PATHKEYS_EQUAL, /* pathkeys are identical */
PATHKEYS_BETTER1, /* pathkey 1 is a superset of pathkey 2 */
PATHKEYS_BETTER2, /* vice versa */
PATHKEYS_DIFFERENT, /* neither pathkey includes the other */
} PathKeysComparison;
extern PathKeysComparison compare_pathkeys(List *keys1, List *keys2);
extern bool pathkeys_contained_in(List *keys1, List *keys2);
extern bool pathkeys_count_contained_in(List *keys1, List *keys2, int *n_common);
extern List *get_useful_group_keys_orderings(PlannerInfo *root, Path *path);
extern Path *get_cheapest_path_for_pathkeys(List *paths, List *pathkeys,
Relids required_outer,
CostSelector cost_criterion,
bool require_parallel_safe);
extern Path *get_cheapest_fractional_path_for_pathkeys(List *paths,
List *pathkeys,
Relids required_outer,
double fraction);
extern Path *get_cheapest_parallel_safe_total_inner(List *paths);
extern List *build_index_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root, IndexOptInfo *index,
ScanDirection scandir);
extern List *build_partition_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *partrel,
ScanDirection scandir, bool *partialkeys);
extern List *build_expression_pathkey(PlannerInfo *root, Expr *expr,
Oid opno,
Relids rel, bool create_it);
extern List *convert_subquery_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
List *subquery_pathkeys,
List *subquery_tlist);
extern List *build_join_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *joinrel,
JoinType jointype,
List *outer_pathkeys);
extern List *make_pathkeys_for_sortclauses(PlannerInfo *root,
List *sortclauses,
List *tlist);
extern List *make_pathkeys_for_sortclauses_extended(PlannerInfo *root,
List **sortclauses,
List *tlist,
bool remove_redundant,
bool remove_group_rtindex,
bool *sortable,
bool set_ec_sortref);
extern void initialize_mergeclause_eclasses(PlannerInfo *root,
RestrictInfo *restrictinfo);
extern void update_mergeclause_eclasses(PlannerInfo *root,
RestrictInfo *restrictinfo);
extern List *find_mergeclauses_for_outer_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root,
List *pathkeys,
List *restrictinfos);
extern List *select_outer_pathkeys_for_merge(PlannerInfo *root,
List *mergeclauses,
RelOptInfo *joinrel);
extern List *make_inner_pathkeys_for_merge(PlannerInfo *root,
List *mergeclauses,
List *outer_pathkeys);
extern List *trim_mergeclauses_for_inner_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root,
List *mergeclauses,
List *pathkeys);
extern List *truncate_useless_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel,
List *pathkeys);
extern bool has_useful_pathkeys(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
extern List *append_pathkeys(List *target, List *source);
extern PathKey *make_canonical_pathkey(PlannerInfo *root,
EquivalenceClass *eclass, Oid opfamily,
int strategy, bool nulls_first);
extern void add_paths_to_append_rel(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
List *live_childrels);
#endif /* PATHS_H */
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